Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis
A Review of Clinical Characteristics, Definition, Prognostic Tools, and Disease-Modifying Therapies
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Article Information
- Received April 5, 2022
- Accepted in final form September 30, 2022
- First Published November 22, 2022.
Author Disclosures
- Tjalf Ziemssen, MD,
- Virender Bhan, MD,
- Jeremy Chataway, PhD,
- Tanuja Chitnis, MD,
- Bruce Anthony Campbell Cree, MD, PhD,
- Eva Kubala Havrdova, MD,
- Ludwig Kappos, MD,
- Pierre Labauge, PhD,
- Aaron Miller, MD,
- Jin Nakahara, MD, PhD,
- Celia Oreja-Guevara, MD, PhD,
- Jacqueline Palace, MD, PhD,
- Barry Singer, MD,
- Maria Trojano, MD,
- Ashwini Patil, MS,
- Benedict Rauser, PhD and
- Thomas Hach, MD
- Tjalf Ziemssen, MD,
(1) Biogen (2) Novartis (3) Teva (4) Roche (5) BMS (6) <br>Viatris<br>all commercial
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Speaker honorarium for all commercial entities (1) Biogen <br>(2) Sanofi (3) BMS (4) Roche (5) Novartis (6) Teva
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1) Biogen (2) Sanofi (3) Novartis (4) Teva (5) Roche
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(1) Bayer (2) Roche
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- Virender Bhan, MD,
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1. Novartis<br>2. EMD Serono<br>3. Roche<br>4. Sanofi
1. Novartis
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- Jeremy Chataway, PhD,
1)Scientific advisory Board - commercial<br>Azadyne, Janssen, MedDay, Merck, NervGen, <br>Novartis and Roche.<br>2)Data safety monitoring Board - non-profit/academic<br>DexEnceph trial in Herpes Encephalitis (International Data <br>Monitoring and Safety Committee, IDMSC); PD-STAT trial in <br>Parkinson's disease (Trial Steering Committtee,TSC)
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Chief Investigator:<br>2021-2028: UK MS Society £12.98M: OCTOPUS Trial Platform<br>2017-2022: UCL. National Institute for Health Research <br>(NIHR) Health Technology Assessment (HTA); £3.8M: MS-STAT2 <br>Trial. Grant reference 15/57/143.<br>2017-2022: UCL. UK and US MS (NMSS) societies. MS-STAT2-MRI <br>study 2017-2022; £0.9M; Rosetrees Trust £0.1M
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- Tanuja Chitnis, MD,
Dr. Chitnis has served on clinical trial advisory boards <br>for Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Roche-Genentech and Sanofi-Genzyme.
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Dr. Chitnis has served as a one-time consultant for Biogen, Genentech-Roche, <br>Novartis and Sanofi-Genzyme, Tiziana Life Sciences
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Dr. Chitnis receives research support from (1) Sanofi-Genzyme (2) Novartis in <br>the form of Independent Investigator Awards.
NIH, Department of Defense
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Dr. Chitnis has received research support from the National<br>Multiple Sclerosis Society, the Peabody Foundation, the <br>Sumaira Foundation and the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation.
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- Bruce Anthony Campbell Cree, MD, PhD,
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Atara, Autobahn, Avotres, Biogen, Boston Pharma, EMD Serono, <br>Gossamer Bio, Hexal/Sandoz, Horizon, Neuron23, Novartis, Sanofi, Siemens, TG <br>Therapeutics and Therini
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Genentech
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- Eva Kubala Havrdova, MD,
1. Biogen 2. Novartis 3. Genzyme 4. Actelion 5. Celgene
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1. Biogen 2. Novartis 3. Celgene 4. Genzyme 5. Actelion <br>6. Roche 7. Merck Serono 8. Janssen
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1. Biogen 2. Novartis 3. Celgene 4. Genzyme 5. <br>Actelion 6. Roche 7. Merck Serono
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1. European Commission Grant: ABIRISK - IMI (2012-2016), <br>investigator
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Biogen - Expert witness, 2019
- Ludwig Kappos, MD,
(1) Abbvie <br>(2) Actelion<br>(3) AurigaVision AG <br>(4) Biogen<br>(5) Janssen<br>(6) Celgene<br>(7) Merck<br>(8) Minoryx<br>(9) Novartis <br>(10) Sanofi Genzym<br>(11) Santhera Pharmaceuticals<br><br>All payments to my institution (University Hospital Basel, <br>RC2NB) not to my own financial benefit
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(1) Clinical and Translational Neuroscience, member of the <br>Editorial Board, (2) Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience, <br>member of <br>the Editorial Board, (3) Multiple Sclerosis and Related <br>Disorders
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(1) Actelion, (2), AurigaVision AG, (3) Biogen, (4) Celgene, <br>(5) Desitin, (6) Eli Lilly, (7) EMD Serono, (8) Genentech, <br>(9) <br>Genzym, (10) GlaxoSmithKline, (11) Janssen, (12) Japan <br>Tobacco <br>Inc., (13) Merck, (14) Minoryx Therapeutics S.L., (15) <br>Novartis, (16) Roche, (17) Sanofi, (18) Santhera <br>Pharmaceuticals, (19) Senda Biosciences, (20) <br>Shionogi BV, (21) Teva, (22) Wellmera AG<br><br>All payments to my institution (University Hospital Basel, <br>RC2NB) not to my own financial benefit
(1)the Swiss National Research Foundation, (2)the European <br>Union, (3) InnoSuisse<br><br>All payments to my institution (University Hospital Basel, <br>RC2NB) not to my own financial benefit
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(1)the Swiss MS Society
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(1) license fees for Neurostatus products paid directly to<br>University Hospital Basel and used for research support
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- Pierre Labauge, PhD,
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- Aaron Miller, MD,
Viatris (Mylan); Janssen
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Speakers honoraria from Biogen (for <br>non-branded programs only) and for Alexion (for non-branded <br>programs only)
Continuum Audio (AAN) received fees as editor 2012-12/21
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Neuroimmunology; Oxford University Press, 2018
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Caremark (Accordant <br>Health <br>Services); Mapi-Pharma; CorEvitas; Verana Health, Viatris <br>(Mylan)
Biogen Idec (only for an unbranded disease awareness <br>program)<br>Genentech/Roche (only for an unbranded program)<br>EMD Serono (unbranded journal clubs)
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Novartis, Roche/Genentech, <br>Genzyme/Sanofi-aventis <br>Biogen Idec<br>MedDay, Corevitas
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I have occasionally reviewed medico-legal cases as a <br>defense expert; the <br>cases are not in the public domain and remain <br>confidential.<br><br>I have served as an expert witness for a lawyer <br>representing Chubb Insurance Company in which I assessed <br>the MS status of the plaintiff who brought suit against <br>Chubb.
- Jin Nakahara, MD, PhD,
(1) Novartis<br>(2) Biogen<br>(3) Alexion<br>(4) Mitsubishi-Tanabe<br>(5) Chugai
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(1) Novartis, speaker honoraria<br>(2) Biogen, speaker honoraria<br>(3) Alexion, speaker honoraria<br>(4) Mitsubishi-Tanabe, speaker honoraria<br>(5) Chugai, speaker honoraria<br>(6) Takeda, speaker honoraria<br>(7) Daiichi-Sankyo, speaker honoraria<br>(8) Teijin, speaker honoraria<br>(9) Otsuka, speaker honoraria<br>(10) Abbvie, speaker honoraria<br>(11) Amgen, speaker honoraria<br>(12) CSL Behring, speaker honoraria<br>(13) Asahi-Kasei, speaker honoraria<br>(14) Eisai, speaker honoraria<br>(15) Bristol Myers, speaker honoraria<br>(16) Kyorin, speaker honoraria<br>(17) Roche, speaker honoraria
(1) Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience, Associate editor, 2021-2<br>(2) Neuroscience Research, Associate editor, 2021-2<br>(3) Keio Journal of Medicine, Associate editor, 2022<br>(4) Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi, Associate editor, 2021-2<br>(5) No Shinkei Naika, Associate editor, 2021-2<br>Patents: <br>(1) Antibodies for remyelination<br>(2) Methods for CNS drug delivery
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(1) Novartis<br>(2) Biogen<br>(3) Alexion
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(1) JB<br>(2) Otsuka<br>(3) Boehringer Ingelheim<br>(4) Chugai<br>(5) Daiichi-Sankyo<br>(6) Teijin<br>(7) Biogen<br>(8) Sumitomo Pharma<br>(9) EA Pharma<br>(10) Shionogi<br>(11) Mitsubishi-Tanabe<br>(12) Eisai<br>(13) Takeda
(1) MEXT Japan, Kakenhi, 18K07508, PI, 2021-2
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- Celia Oreja-Guevara, MD, PhD,
Biogen Idec (1), Sanofi-Genzyme(1), Merck-Serono (1), Roche<br>(1), Celgene-BMS(1) and<br>Novartis(1) and Janssen (1)
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(1) Speaker honoraria by Sanofi-Genzyme (1),<br>Merck-Serono (1),Celgene-BMS (1), Biogen (1),Teva<br>(1),Roche(1) and Novartis(1)
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- Jacqueline Palace, MD, PhD,
1) Merck Serono <br>2) Roche <br>3) ARGENX <br>4) Novartis <br>5) UCB <br>6) Alexion <br>7)Janssen<br>8) Sanofi
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All commercial (speakers/meetings honorarium last two <br>years)<br>1) Roche <br>2) Alexion <br>3) Chugai
Lancet Neurology editorial advisorry committee member
ISIS Innovation Ltd. To protect for the use of<br>metabolomics as a method to diagnose and stage disease in<br>multiple sclerosis. Patent ref P37347WO and licence <br>agreement Numares multimarker MS diagnostics
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Amplo
Please see 3 (speaker/meetings)
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All commercial (support for research)<br>1) Amplo <br>2) UCB<br>3) Alexion<br>4)Medimmune
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Grant for research:<br>1) Multiple Sclerosis Society<br>4) SPARKS Great Ormond Street
Astra Zenica shares
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Patent ref P37347WO and licence agreement Numares <br>multimarker MS diagnostics
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- Barry Singer, MD,
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Alexion, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, EMD Serono, Janssen, <br>Genentech, Horizon, Novartis, Roche and Sanofi for <br>speaker/travel honoraria.
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AbbVie, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Cigna, EMD Serono, <br>Janssen, Genentech, Greenwich Biosciences, Novartis, Octave <br>Bioscience, Sanofi and TG Therapeutics.
Alexion, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, EMD Serono, Janssen, <br>Genentech, Horizon, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi and TG <br>Therapeutics.
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AbbVie, Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, Greenwich Biosciences, <br>Novartis and Sanofi: research grant support.
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- Maria Trojano, MD,
MT has served on scientific Advisory Boards for Biogen, <br>Novartis, Merck, BMS, Roche and Genzyme
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M.T. received honoraria for travel, consultancy or <br>speaking from Biogen, Roche, Sanofi, Merck, Genzyme, <br>Janssen and Novartis
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M Trojano received research support for her Institution <br>by Novartis, Biogen, Roche, and Merck
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- Ashwini Patil, MS,
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Employee of Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., India
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- Benedict Rauser, PhD and
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Novartis Pharma GmbH, Medical Advisor, 5 years
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- Thomas Hach, MD
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Novartis Pharma AG, Executive Director, 7
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Novartis Pharma AG, 7
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- From the Center of Clinical Neuroscience (T.Z.), Department of Neurology, University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Germany; Division of Neurology (Medicine) (V.B.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre (J.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Centre (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Department of Neurology (B.A.C.C.), Weill Institute for Neurosciences, UCSF, San Francisco, CA; Department of Neurology and Center of Clinical Neuroscience (E.K.H.), First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (L.K.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Multiple Sclerosis Clinic (P.L.), Department of Neurology, Montpellier University Hospital, France; Department of Neurology (A.M.), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY; Department of Neurology (J.N.), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurology (C.O.-G.), Hospital Clinico San Carlos, IdISSC, Departametno de medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences (J.P.), John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, United Kingdom; The MS Center for Innovations in Care (B.S.), Missouri Baptist Medical Center, St Louis, MO; Department of Basic Medical Sciences (M.T.), Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy; Novartis Healthcare Pvt. Ltd. (A.P.), Hyderabad, India; Novartis Pharma GmbH (B.R.), Nuremberg, Germany; and Novartis Pharma AG (T.H.), Basel, Switzerland.
- Correspondence
Dr. Ziemssen tjalf.ziemssen{at}uniklinikum-dresden.de
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