Abstract
Objectives Infectious lumbosacral radiculitis and myelitis, a clinical entity called Elsberg syndrome, is classically linked to HSV-2 and VZV. Here, we report a case of an Elsberg syndrome caused by primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in an immunocompetent patient.
Methods Here is a case report at an academic medical center. Cerebral and spinal cord MRI, electroneuromyography, and serum and CSF analysis were performed.
Results We investigated a 31-year-old healthy woman presenting with acute paresthesia of both feet ascending to the pelvic region, urinary retention, and constipation. Neurologic examination revealed symmetrical hyperesthesia of both inferior limbs up to the pelvic region, with patellar and Achilles hyporeflexia. Although MRI was normal, a dysfunction of the S1 left nerve root was observed on electroneurography. CSF analysis was inflammatory. Blood CMV PCR was positive, and anti-CMV IgG/IgM values indicated seroconversion. Taken together, these results strongly suggested an Elsberg syndrome caused by CMV primary infection. After a course of ganciclovir, a marked improvement of the symptoms was observed.
Discussion This case highlights that CMV primary infection can be a cause of Elsberg syndrome in immunocompetent patients. CMV testing should be discussed in these patients to initiate adequate antiviral therapy.
Glossary
- CMV=
- cytomegalovirus;
- CSF=
- cerebrospinal fluid;
- PMN cells=
- polymorphonuclear cells
Footnotes
Go to Neurology.org/NN for full disclosures. Funding information is provided at the end of the article.
Submitted and externally peer reviewed. The handling editor was Editor Josep O. Dalmau, MD, PhD, FAAN.
- Received September 17, 2022.
- Accepted in final form April 11, 2022.
- Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology.
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