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March 2023; 10 (2) Research ArticleOpen Access

Anti-LGI4 Antibody Is a Novel Juxtaparanodal Autoantibody for Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy

Xu Zhang, Jun-Ichi Kira, Hidenori Ogata, Tomohiro Imamura, Mikio Mitsuishi, Takayuki Fujii, Masaki Kobayashi, Kazuo Kitagawa, Yukihiro Namihira, Yusuke Ohya, Guzailiayi Maimaitijiang, Ryo Yamasaki, Yuko Fukata, Masaki Fukata, Noriko Isobe, Yuri Nakamura
First published January 11, 2023, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000200081
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Article Information

vol. 10 no. 2 e200081
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000200081
PubMed: 
36631269
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Online ISSN: 
2332-7812
History: 
  • Received December 10, 2021
  • Accepted in final form November 10, 2022
  • First Published January 11, 2023.
Copyright & Usage: 
Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), which permits downloading and sharing the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

Author Disclosures

    1. Xu Zhang, MD, PhD,
    2. Jun-Ichi Kira, MD, PhD,
    3. Hidenori Ogata, MD, PhD,
    4. Tomohiro Imamura, MD, PhD,
    5. Mikio Mitsuishi, MS,
    6. Takayuki Fujii, MD, PhD,
    7. Masaki Kobayashi, MD,
    8. Kazuo Kitagawa, MD, PhD,
    9. Yukihiro Namihira, MD,
    10. Yusuke Ohya, MD, PhD,
    11. Guzailiayi Maimaitijiang, MD, PhD,
    12. Ryo Yamasaki, MD, PhD,
    13. Yuko Fukata, PhD,
    14. Masaki Fukata, PhD,
    15. Noriko Isobe, MD, PhD and
    16. Yuri Nakamura, MD, PhD
  1. Xu Zhang, MD, PhD,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Xu Zhang has received grants from JSPS KAKENHI (Grant Nos. <br>JP21K15703 and 19H01045).

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Jun-Ichi Kira, MD, PhD,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. JK received speaking fees and/or honoraria from (1) <br>Novartis Pharma, (2) Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, (3) <br>Boehringer <br>Ingelheim, (4) Teijin Pharma, (5) the Takeda <br>Pharmaceutical Company, (6) Otsuka Pharmaceutical, (7) <br>Astellas Pharma, (8) Pfizer Japan, and (9) Eisai.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1) Multiple Sclerosis Journal, Editorial Board Member, <br>2006-, (2) BMC Medicine, Editorial <br>Board Member, 2010-, (3) Journal of the Neurological <br>Sciences, Editorial Board Member, <br>2010-, (4) Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, <br>Editorial Board Member, Section <br>Editor, 2011-, (5) PLOS ONE, Editorial Board Member, <br>2011-, (6) Frontiers in Immunology, <br>Associate Editor, 2017-

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. (1) Biogen Japan (consultancy, since 2009)

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Novartis Pharma, (2) Boehringer Ingelheim, (3) Teijin <br>Pharma, (4) Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, (5) Otsuka <br>Pharmaceutical, (6) Astellas Pharma, (7) Pfizer Japan, <br>(8) Eisai, (9) Dainippon-Sumitomo Pharmaceutical, (10) <br>Tanabe-Mitsubishi Pharmaceutical, (11) Japan Blood <br>Products <br>Organization, (12) Bayer, (13) Yamasa corporation

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative <br>Areas (MEXT KAKENHI), 25117012, Principal Investigator, <br>2013-2018, (2) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on <br>Innovative Areas (MEXT KAKENHI), 25117001, Co-<br>investigator, 2013-2018, (3) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific <br>Research on Innovative Areas (MEXT KAKENHI), 15K21729, <br>Co-investigator, 2015-2018, (4) Grant-in-Aid for <br>Challenging Exploratory Research (JSPS KAKENHI), <br>15K15341, <br>Principal Investigator, 2015-2017, (5) Grant-in-Aid for <br>Scientific Research (C) (JSPS KAKENHI), 15K09343, Co-<br>investigator, 2015-2018, (6) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific <br>Research (C) (JSPS KAKENHI), 16K10727, Co-<br>investigator, 2016-2019, (7) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific <br>Research (A) (JSPS KAKENHI), 16H02657, Principal <br>Investigator, 2016-2019, (8) Grant-in-Aid for Challenging <br>Exploratory Research (JSPS KAKENHI), 17K19663, <br>Principal Investigator, 2017-2019, (9) Grant-in-Aid for <br>Scientific Research (C) (JSPS KAKENHI), 18K07529, Co-<br>investigator, 2018-2021, (10) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific <br>Research (A) (JSPS KAKENHI), 19H01045, Principal <br>Investigator, 2019-2022, (11) Practical Research Project <br>for Rare/Intractable Diseases" from Japan Agency for <br>Medical Research and Development, AMED, Japan, <br>16ek0109039h0003, Principal Investigator, 2016-2017, (12) <br>Practical Research Project for Rare/Intractable Diseases" <br>from Japan Agency for Medical Research and <br>Development, AMED, Japan, 17ek0109115h0003, Principal <br>Investigator, 2015-2018, (13) Practical Research Project <br>for Rare/Intractable Diseases" from Japan Agency for <br>Medical Research and Development, AMED, Japan, <br>18ek0109376h0001, Principal Investigator, 2018-2021, (14) <br>Practical Research Project for Rare/Intractable <br>Diseases" from Japan Agency for Medical Research and <br>Development, AMED, Japan, 18ek0109308h0001, Principal <br>Investigator, 2018-2021, (15) Health and Labour Sciences <br>Research Grant on Intractable Diseases from the <br>Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, Japan, H29-<br>Nanchitou(Nan)-Shitei-001, Co-investigator, 2017-2020, <br>(16) <br>Health and Labour Sciences Research Grant on Intractable <br>Diseases from the Ministry of Health, Labour, and <br>Welfare, Japan, H29-Nanchitou(Nan)-Ippan-043, Co-<br>investigator, 2017-2020, (17) Health and Labour Sciences <br>Research Grant on Intractable Diseases from the Ministry <br>of Health, Labour, and Welfare, Japan, H29-<br>Nanchitou(Nan)-Ippan-033, Co-investigator, 2017-2020, <br>(18) <br>Health and Labour Sciences Research Grant on <br>Intractable Diseases from the Ministry of Health, Labour, <br>and Welfare, Japan, H29-Nanchitou(Nan)-Ippan-009, Co-<br>investigator, 2017-2020, (19) Health and Labour Sciences <br>Research Grant on Intractable Diseases from the <br>Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, Japan, H28-<br>Nanchitou(Nan)-Ippan-025, Principal Investigator, 2016-<br>2019, (20) Health and Labour Sciences Research Grant on <br>Intractable Diseases from the Ministry of Health, <br>Labour, and Welfare, Japan, H28-Nanchitou(Nan)-Ippan-018, <br>Co-investigator, 2016-2019

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Hidenori Ogata, MD, PhD,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. (1)CSL Behring,speaker honoraria, (2)Teijin Pharma, speaker <br>honoraria, (3) Nihon Pharmaceutical,speaker honoraria (4) <br>Japan Blood Products Organization, speaker honoraria (5) <br>Alnylam Japan, speaker honoraria (6) Takeda Pharmaceutical <br>Company Limited, speaker honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. (1) Method, kit and biomarker for diagnosing chronic <br>inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) YAMASA Corporation

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) JSPS KAKENHI JP20K16602,principal researcher,2020 to <br>2022

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. Tomohiro Imamura, MD, PhD,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. Mikio Mitsuishi, MS,
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Takayuki Fujii, MD, PhD,
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. (1)DAIICHI SANKYO COMPANY, speaker honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. (1)Neuropathic pain marker and use thereof, The present <br>invention uses an autoantibody to a small unmyelinated dorsal <br>root ganglion neuron as a neuropathic pain marker.

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1)the Yamasa Corporation, (2)Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, <br>(3)Osoegawa Neurology Clinic, (4)Bayer Yakuhin, Ltd.,(5)the <br>Japan Blood Products Organization.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) <br>KAKENHI, grant number JP19K17037, principal investigator, <br>2019-2020, (2)JSPS KAKENHI, grant number JP21K15700, <br>principal investigator, 2021-2022, (3)the JST FOREST Program <br>,grant No. JPMJFR200U, principal investigator, 2021-2028

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. Masaki Kobayashi, MD,
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  8. Kazuo Kitagawa, MD, PhD,
    9. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1) Journal of Atherothrombosis, Associate editor

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. (1) Kyowa Kirin (2) Daiichi-Sankyo

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. (1) Clinical procedure (Neurology and Stroke Center), 50% of <br>effort

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Daiichi-Sankyo (2) Eisai&#12288;(3) Boehringer Ingelheim (4) <br>Dainippon Sumitomo

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Researchin Japan (C), <br>19K07968, cheif investigator, 2019-2021

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  9. Yukihiro Namihira, MD,
    10. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  10. Yusuke Ohya, MD, PhD,
    11. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  11. Guzailiayi Maimaitijiang, MD, PhD,
    12. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Guzailiayi&#12288;Maimaitijiang has received grants from JSPS <br>KAKENHI (Grant Nos. 20K22910 and<br> 20K20470).

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  12. Ryo Yamasaki, MD, PhD,
    13. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1) Clinical and experimental neuroimmunology, managing editor, since <br><br><br><br>2016 until now

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  13. Yuko Fukata, PhD,
    14. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1)the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science,<br>and Technology, 21K19390, PI, three years, (2)the Ministry<br>of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology,<br>22H02723, PI, three years, (3)Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, JP21wm0525022, PI, three years

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  14. Masaki Fukata, PhD,
    15. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. European Journal of Neuroscience, a reviewing Editor, 12<br>years

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1)The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, 20H00459 PI, three years; (2) The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and<br>Technology, 20H04915 PI, two years (3) The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology, 19K22548 PI, three years

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  15. Noriko Isobe, MD, PhD and
    16. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Oxford Health Policy Forum CIC (2) Alexion (3) Chugai <br>Pharmaceutical

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. (1) Novartis Pharma, speaker honoraria (2) Alexion, <br>speaker honoraria (3) Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, <br>speaker honoraria (4) Biogen Japan, speaker honoraria (5) <br>Chugai Pharmaceutical, speaker honoraria (6) Mitsubishi <br>Tanabe Pharma, speaker honoraria (7) FP Pharmaceutical, <br>speaker honoraria (8) EA Pharma, speaker honoraria (9) <br>Daiichi Sankyo, speaker honoraria (10) Eisai, speaker <br>honoraria (11) Kyowa Kirin, speaker honoraria (12) CSL <br>Behring, speaker honoraria (13) Otsuka Pharmaceutical, <br>speaker honoraria (14) Sanofi, speaker honoraria (15) <br>Teijin Healthcare, speaker honoraria (16) Alnylam, speaker <br>honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma (2) Eisai (3) Nippon Boehringer <br>Ingelheim (4) Japan Blood Products Organization (5) Chugai <br>Pharmaceutical (6) Sumitomo Pharma (7) Mitsubishi Tanabe <br>Pharma (8) Teijin Pharma (9) CSL Behring (10) Takeda <br>Pharmaceutical (11) Novartis Pharma (11) Biogen Japan

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) (JSPS <br>KAKENHI), 21K07464, Principal Investigator, 2021-2023 (2) <br>Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C) (JSPS KAKENHI), <br>18K07529, Principal Investigator, 2018-2021 (3) Japan <br>Agency for Medical Research and Development, Moonshot <br>Research & Development Program, JP21zf0127004, Co-<br>Investigator, 2020-2026 (4) The Research Committee of CNS <br>Degenerative Diseases, Research on Policy Planning and <br>Evaluation for Rare and Intractable Diseases, Health, <br>Labour and Welfare Sciences Research Grants, the Ministry <br>of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan, 20FC1049, Co-<br>Investigator, 2020-2022 (5) the Health and Labour Sciences<br>> Research Grant on Intractable Diseases <br>(Neuroimmunological Diseases) from the Ministry of <br>Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan, 20FC1030, Co-<br>Investigator, 2020-2022

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  16. Yuri Nakamura, MD, PhD
    17. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. (1) Chugai Pharmaceutical, speaker honoraria<br>(2) Novartis Pharma, speaker honoraria<br>(3) Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, speaker honoraria<br>(4) Biogen Japan, speaker honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. From the Translational Neuroscience Center (X.Z., J.K., T.I., M.M., G.M., Y. Nakamura), Graduate School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, Okawa; School of Pharmacy at Fukuoka (J.K., T.I., Y. Nakamura), International University of Health and Welfare, Okawa; Department of Neurology (J.K., Y. Nakamura), Brain and Nerve Center, Fukuoka Central Hospital, International University of Health and Welfare, Fukuoka; Department of Neurology (H.O., T.F., R.Y., N.I.), Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka; Department of Neurology (M.K., K.K.), Tokyo Women's Medical University Hospital, Tokyo; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y. Namihira, Y.O.), Nephrology, and Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Ryukyus, Okinawa; and Division of Membrane Physiology (Y.F., M.F.), National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, Japan.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Kira junkira{at}iuhw.ac.jp

Article usage

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