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March 2023; 10 (2) Research ArticleOpen Access

Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients With NMO Spectrum Disorders and MOG-Antibody–Associated Diseases

COPANMO(G)-Study

Martin W. Hümmert, Franziska Bütow, Daria Tkachenko, Ilya Ayzenberg, Thivya Pakeerathan, Kerstin Hellwig, Luisa Klotz, Vivien Häußler, Jan-Patrick Stellmann, Clemens Warnke, Yasemin Goereci, Thorleif Etgen, Felix Luessi, Paul Bronzlik, Stefan Gingele, Ann-Sophie Lauenstein, Ingo Kleiter, Paulus S. Rommer, Friedemann Paul, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Ankelien Duchow, Florian Then Bergh, Refik Pul, Annette Walter, Hannah Pellkofer, Tania Kümpfel, Mosche Pompsch, Markus Kraemer, Philipp Albrecht, Orhan Aktas, Marius Ringelstein, Makbule Senel, Katrin Giglhuber, Achim Berthele, Sven Jarius, Brigitte Wildemann, Corinna Trebst; on behalf of Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS)
First published January 24, 2023, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000200082
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Article Information

vol. 10 no. 2 e200082
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000200082
PubMed: 
36693760
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Online ISSN: 
2332-7812
History: 
  • Received September 16, 2022
  • Accepted in final form November 16, 2022
  • First Published January 24, 2023.
Copyright & Usage: 
Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), which permits downloading and sharing the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

Author Disclosures

    1. Martin W. Hümmert, MD*,
    2. Franziska Bütow*,
    3. Daria Tkachenko, MD,
    4. Ilya Ayzenberg, MD,
    5. Thivya Pakeerathan,
    6. Kerstin Hellwig, MD,
    7. Luisa Klotz, MD,
    8. Vivien Häußler, MD,
    9. Jan-Patrick Stellmann, MD,
    10. Clemens Warnke, MD,
    11. Yasemin Goereci, MD,
    12. Thorleif Etgen, MD,
    13. Felix Luessi, MD,
    14. Paul Bronzlik, MD,
    15. Stefan Gingele, MD,
    16. Ann-Sophie Lauenstein, MD,
    17. Ingo Kleiter, MD,
    18. Paulus S. Rommer, MD,
    19. Friedemann Paul, MD,
    20. Judith Bellmann-Strobl, MD,
    21. Ankelien Duchow, MD,
    22. Florian Then Bergh, MD,
    23. Refik Pul, MD,
    24. Annette Walter, MD,
    25. Hannah Pellkofer, MD,
    26. Tania Kümpfel, MD,
    27. Mosche Pompsch, MD,
    28. Markus Kraemer, MD,
    29. Philipp Albrecht,
    30. Orhan Aktas, MD,
    31. Marius Ringelstein, MD,
    32. Makbule Senel, MD,
    33. Katrin Giglhuber, MD,
    34. Achim Berthele, MD,
    35. Sven Jarius, MD,
    36. Brigitte Wildemann, MD and
    37. Corinna Trebst, MD on behalf of Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS)
  1. Martin W. Hümmert, MD*,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. The NEMOS cohort/NationNMO is supported by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) as part of the German Competence Network Multiple Sclerosis (KKNMS).

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Franziska Bütow*,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. The NEMOS cohort/NationNMO is supported by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF) as part of the German Competence Network Multiple Sclerosis (KKNMS)

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Daria Tkachenko, MD,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. Ilya Ayzenberg, MD,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Roche, Alexion, Merck, Horizon, Sanofi Aventis

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Roche, Alexion, Merck, Horizon, Sanofi Aventis

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Diamed

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. Thivya Pakeerathan,
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Kerstin Hellwig, MD,
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Novartis (2) Genzyme (3) Teva (4) Merck (5) Roche (6) Jansen

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. (1) Biogen, funding for travel (2) Novartis, funding for travel (3) Merck, funding for travel (4) Biogen Idec Germany, speaker honoraria (5) Teva, speaker honoraria (6) Sanofi Genzyme, speaker honoraria (7) Novartis, speaker honoraria (8) Bayer Healthcare, speaker honoraria (9) Merck Serono, speaker honoraria (10) Roche, speaker honoraria (11) BMS, speaker honoraria (12) Jansen, speaker honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Editorial board N2 journal TAND associate editor

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. Honoraria from Biogen, Bayer Healthcare, Teva, Sanofi, Merck, BMS, Jansen and Novartis

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Almiral, Biogen, Bayer Healthcare, Teva, Merck, Roche, Sanofi- Genzyme and Novartis

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) Fund of the Federal Joint Committee

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. Luisa Klotz, MD,
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Genzyme (2) Novartis (3) Roche (4) Merck (5) Janssen (6) Alexion (7) Celgene (8) Horizon (9) Viatris

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. (1) Novartis, speaker honoraria and travel support (2) Merck Serono, speaker honoraria and travel support (3) Biogen, speaker honoraria and travel support (4) Roche, speaker honoraria and travel support (5) Genzyme, speaker honoraria and travel support (6) Teva, speaker honoraria and travel support (7) Janssen, speaker honoraria and travel support (8) Santhera, speaker honoraria and travel support (9) Grifols, speaker honoraria and travel support (10) Alexion, speaker honoraria and travel support (11) Bayer, speaker honoraria and travel support (12) Celgene, speaker honoraria and travel support

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Novartis (2) Biogen (3) Merck (4) Immunic AG

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) (CRC) SFB TR-128 Impact of dietary factors on the gut-CNS-axis – implications for CNS autoimmunity A08, Project leader, 2020-2024 (2) (CRC) SFB 1009 “Immune-cell interactions with endothelial cells and pericytes at the blood-brain- barrier: mechanisms and consequences” A03, Sub-project Leader, 2020-2024 (3) DFG, KFO 342

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research, Münster (IZKF) Innovative medizinische Forschung (IMF)

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  8. Vivien Häußler, MD,
    9. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  9. Jan-Patrick Stellmann, MD,
    10. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. BMBF, German competence Network Multiple sclerosis’ (KKNMs). (FKZ 01GI1602c) 2016-2019

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  10. Clemens Warnke, MD,
    11. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Biogen, Novartis, Roche, Janssen, Merck; institutional fees only.

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Speakers honoraria Novartis, Biogen, Bayer, Genzyme, Alexion. Institutional fees only.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Frontiers in Neurology, associate editor, 2016

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Novartis,Biogen, Roche. Institutional fees only.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  11. Yasemin Goereci, MD,
    12. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  12. Thorleif Etgen, MD,
    13. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  13. Felix Luessi, MD,
    14. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. advisory board member for Roche Pharma

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. travel funding from Teva Pharma

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  14. Paul Bronzlik, MD,
    15. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  15. Stefan Gingele, MD,
    16. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Alnylam pharmaceuticals.

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Alnylam pharmaceuticals, speaker honoraria. Merck, speaker honoraria.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. Hannover Biomedical Research School (HBRS)

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. German Research Foundation, Else Kröner Fresenius Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  16. Ann-Sophie Lauenstein, MD,
    17. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  17. Ingo Kleiter, MD,
    18. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Alexion, Biogen, Celgene, Horizon, Merck, Roche

    Editorial Boards:

    1. BMC Neurology, associate editor, since 2018 Neuroimmunology Reports, editorial board member, since 2020 Frontiers in Neurology, associate editor, since 2022 Frontiers in immunology, associate editor, since 2022

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Alexion, Almirall, Biogen, Celgene, Hexal, Horizon, Merck, Roche

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  18. Paulus S. Rommer, MD,
    19. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. 1) Sandoz 2) Merck

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. 1) Alexion, speaker honoraria (sh) 2) Roche, sh 3) Sanofi, sh 4) Sandoz, sh 5) Amicus, sh 6) Horizon, sh 7) allmiral, sh 8) Merck, sh

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Associate Editor : Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers in Immunology

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. 1) Alexion 2) Roche 3) Merck 4) Sanofi 5) Sandoz 6) Novartis 7) Horizon 6) Horizon

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. 1) Almirall, Alexion, Biogen, Merck, Sanofi, Amicus

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  19. Friedemann Paul, MD,
    20. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Novartis OCTIMS study steering committee MedImmune / Viela Bio steering committee

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. speaker honoraria and travel grants from Bayer, Novartis, Biogen Idec, Teva, Sanofi-Aventis / Genzyme, and Merck Serono, Alexion, Chugai, MedImmune, Shire, Roche, Actelion, Celgene

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Academic Editor, PLoS ONE Associate Editor, Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. consultancies for SanofiGenzyme, BiogenIdec, MedImmune, Shire, Alexion, Hoffmann-La Roche, Celegene, Horizon Therapeutics, Merck, Neurogenesis Ltd.

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Research support from from Bayer, Novartis, Biogen Idec, Teva, Sanofi-Aventis / Genzyme, Alexion and Merck Serono

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. German Research Council (DFG Exc 257), Werth Stiftung of the City of Cologne, German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF Competence Network Multiple Sclerosis), Arthur Arnstein Stiftung Berlin, EU FP7 Framework Program (combims.eu)

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. rthur Arnstein Foundation Berlin, Guthy Jackson Charitable Foundation, National Multiple Sclerosis Society of the USA

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  20. Judith Bellmann-Strobl, MD,
    21. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Travel grants and speaking honoraria from Merck Serono, Sanofi Genzyme, Horizone, Fa. Hoffmann-La Roche and Novartis, none of them related to preparing this manuscript.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  21. Ankelien Duchow, MD,
    22. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. (1) Roche,speaker honorarium

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  22. Florian Then Bergh, MD,
    23. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Speaker honoraria and consultancy fees as a speaker and advisor from Actelion, Bayer Healthcare, Biogen, Merck Serono, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi Genzyme, and TEVA.

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Support to attend scientific meetings from Bayer Schering, Biogen, Merck, Novartis and Sanofi-Genzyme.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Support for investigator-initiated trials from Actelion, Novartis. Travel support to present results at scientific meetings, through the employing institution, from Bayer Schering, Biogen, Merck, Novartis and Sanofi Genzyme.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. German Federal Ministry of Research; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, federal research funding agency)

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  23. Refik Pul, MD,
    24. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Alexion (2) Biogen (3) Celgene/BMS (4) Horizon (5) Merck (6) Mylan (7) Novartis (8) Roche (9) Sanofi

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. (1) Alexion, speaker honoraria (2) Biogen, speaker honararia (3) Celgene/BMS, funding for travel to congress, speaker honoraria (4) Horizon, funding for travel to congress, funding for research, speaker honoraria (5) Merck, funding for travel to congress, funding for research, speaker honoraria (6) Mylan, funding for travel to congress, speaker honararia (7) Novartis, funding for research, speaker honoraria (8) Roche, speaker honararia (9) Sanofi-Genzyme, speaker honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Guest Editor in Frontiers in Neurology Guest Editor in Cells

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Merck (2) Novartis

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  24. Annette Walter, MD,
    25. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. 1.) Sanofi 2.) Novartis 3.) Roche

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. 1.) Genzyme: Honoraria for speaking engagements 2.) Novartis: Honoraria for speaking engagements 3.) Novartis: Costs of congress participation including travel costs and Hotel 4.) Merck: Costs of congress participation including travel costs and Hotel 5.) Bayer: Costs of congress participation including travel costs and Hotel

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  25. Hannah Pellkofer, MD,
    26. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Roche, Advisory board

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. (1) Biogen, Speakers honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  26. Tania Kümpfel, MD,
    27. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. T. Kümpfel has served on advisory boards for Merck, Roche Pharma, Biogen, Chugai and for Alexion

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. T. Kümpfel has received personal compensations/speaker honoraria from Alexion/Astra Zeneca, Roche Pharma and Horizon

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  27. Mosche Pompsch, MD,
    28. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  28. Markus Kraemer, MD,
    29. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. ;MK received honoraria for educational activities from Roche Pharma and Chugai Pharma.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Associate Editor of German DGNeurologie Journal.

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  29. Philipp Albrecht,
    30. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Novartis, serving on an advisory board; (2) Biogen, serving on an advisory board; (3) Ipsen, serving on an advisory board; (4) Merck, serving on an advisory board; (5) Merz, serving on an advisory board; (6) Roche, serving on an advisory board; (7) Allergan, serving on an advisory board; (8) Celgene, serving on an advisory board; (9) Janssen Cilag, serving on an advisory board

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. (1) Novartis, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses and speaker honoraria; (2)Teva, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses and speaker honoraria; (3) Biogen, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses and speaker honoraria; (4) Merz Pharmaceuticals, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses, (5) Ipsen, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses; (6) Esai, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses; (7) Glaxo Smith Kline, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses; (8) Bayer Healthcare, speaker honoraria, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses; (9) Allergan, speaker honoraria, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses; (10) Celgene, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses; (11) (9) Merck, speaker honoraria, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses; (12) Bristol Meyers Squibb

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1) BMC Neuroscience, associate editor (2) Frontiers in Neurology, associate editor (3) Journal of Clinical Medicine, associate editor (4) Frontiers in Immunology, associate editor

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Biogen (2) Novartis (3) Merz Pharmaceuticals (4) Ipsen (5) Roche (6) Allergan (7) Celgene

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. European Fund For Regional Development (EFRE.NRW)

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) Doktor Robert Pfleger Stiftung (2) Iselore Luckow Stiftung (3) Europäischer Fonds für Forschung und Regionale Entwicklung (EFRE)

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  30. Orhan Aktas, MD,
    31. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. (1) Bayer, speaker honoraria (2) Novartis, speaker honoraria (3) Biogen, travel and speaker honoraria (4) Merck Serono, travel and speaker honoraria (5) Teva, speaker honoraria (6) Sanofi-Genzyme, speaker honoraria (7) Roche, travel and speaker honoraria (8) Almirall, travel and speaker honoraria (9) Alexion, travel and speaker honoraria (10) Celgene, travel and speaker honoraria (11) Viela Bio, travel support (12) Horizon, travel and speaker honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1) PLoS ONE, Academic Editor, since 2012

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Biogen

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) German Ministry of Science (BMBF), PI for NationNMO/KKNMS (NationNMO‐PAT FKZ 01GI1602B), 2016 - 2021

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. (1) German Research Foundation (DFG), PI in GRK2578, since 2020

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  31. Marius Ringelstein, MD,
    32. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. 1. Roche Pharma GmbH, served on a national scientific advisory board. 2. Alexion Pharma GmbH, served on a national scientific advisory board.

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. 1. Alexion, speaking honorarium. 2. Roche,speaking honorarium and funding for travel to a conference. 3. Biogen Idec, funding for travel to a conference.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. 1. Roche Pharma GmbH, served on a national and international scientific advisory board. 2. Alexion Pharma GmbH, served on a national scientific advisory board.

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  32. Makbule Senel, MD,
    33. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. MS has received consulting and/or speaker honoraria from Alexion, Bayer, Biogen, Merck, Roche, and Sanofi Genzyme. She has received research funding from the Hertha-Nathorff- Program.

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. She has received travel funding from Celgene, and TEVA.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  33. Katrin Giglhuber, MD,
    34. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  34. Achim Berthele, MD,
    35. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Alexion Pharma (2) Biogen (3) Celgene (4) Roche Pharma (5) Hexal/Novartis

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. (1) Alexion Pharma, funding for travel and speaker honoraria (2) Bayer Healthcare, speaker honoraria (3) Biogen, speaker honoraria (4) Roche Pharma, funding for travel and speaker honoraria.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  35. Sven Jarius, MD,
    36. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  36. Brigitte Wildemann, MD and
    37. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Brigitte Wildemann has received personal fees from Alexion, Bayer, Biogen, Roche

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. rigitte Wildemann reports grants from Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologie, grants from Dietmar Hopp Stiftung, grants from Klaus Tschira Stiftung, grants from Merck

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  37. Corinna Trebst, MD on behalf of Neuromyelitis Optica Study Group (NEMOS)
    38. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Speaker honoraria (educational efforts, CME activities) from Alexion Pharma Germany GmbH and Roche Pharma GmbH.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. From the Department of Neurology (M.W.H., F.B., D.T., S.G., C.T.), Hannover Medical School, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A., T.P., K.H., I.K.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (L.K.), University of Münster, Germany; Department of Neurology and Institute of Neuroimmunology and MS (INIMS) (V.H., J.-P.S.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany; Aix-Marseille Univ (J.-P.S.), CNRS, CRMBM, UMR 7339, Marseille Cedex, France; APHM (J.-P.S.), Hopital de La Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France; Department of Neurology (C.W., Y.G.), Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Germany; Department of Neurology (T.E.), Kliniken Südostbayern-Klinikum Traunstein, Germany; Department of Neurology (F.L.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany; Hannover Medical School (P.B.), Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.-S.L.), German Diagnostic Clinic, DKD Helios Clinic Wiesbaden, Germany; Marianne-Strauß-Klinik (I.K.), Behandlungszentrum Kempfenhausen für Multiple Sklerose Kranke, Berg, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.S.R.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P., J.B.-S., A.D.), a Cooperation Between the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association and Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology (F.P., J.B.-S., A.D.), Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Germany; Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC) (F.P., J.B.-S., A.D.), Berlin, Germany; Department of Neurology (F.T.B.), University of Leipzig, Germany; Department of Neurology (R.P.), University of Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.W.), Herford Hospital, Germany; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (H.P., T.K.), LMU Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Germany; Department of Neurology (M.P., M.K.), Alfried-Krupp-Krankenhaus Essen, Germany; Department of Neurology (M.K., P.A., O.A., M.R.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (M.R.), Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Neurology (M.S.), University of Ulm, Germany; Department of Neurology (K.G., A.B.), School of Medicine, Technical University Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Germany; and Molecular Neuroimmunology Group (S.J., B.W.), Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Germany.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Trebst trebst.corinna{at}mh-hannover.de
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