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July 2018; 5 (4) Clinical/Scientific NotesOpen Access

Mortality in neuromyelitis optica is strongly associated with African ancestry

Maureen A. Mealy, Remi A. Kessler, Zoe Rimler, Allyson Reid, Lauren Totonis, Gary Cutter, Ilya Kister, Michael Levy
First published June 7, 2018, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000468
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Article Information

vol. 5 no. 4 e468
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000468
PubMed: 
29892608
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Online ISSN: 
2332-7812
History: 
  • Received August 24, 2017
  • Accepted in final form April 9, 2018
  • First Published June 7, 2018.
Copyright & Usage: 
Copyright © 2018 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), which permits downloading and sharing the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

Author Disclosures

    1. Maureen A. Mealy, PhD(c), RN*,
    2. Remi A. Kessler, BA*,
    3. Zoe Rimler, BS,
    4. Allyson Reid, BA,
    5. Lauren Totonis, BS,
    6. Gary Cutter, PhD,
    7. Ilya Kister, MD and
    8. Michael Levy, MD, PhD
  1. Maureen A. Mealy, PhD(c), RN*,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Speaker honoraria from Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. 1) NIH/NCATS, 5TL1TR001078-05, trainee, 2017-2018

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Remi A. Kessler, BA*,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Zoe Rimler, BS,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. Allyson Reid, BA,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. Lauren Totonis, BS,
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Gary Cutter, PhD,
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Participation of Data and Safety Monitoring Committees: AMO Pharmaceuticals, Apotek, Gilead Pharmaceuticals, Horizon Pharmaceuticals, Modigenetech/Prolor, Merck, Merck/Pfizer, Opko Biologics, Sanofi-Aventis, Reata Pharmaceuticals, Receptos/Celgene, Teva pharmaceuticals, NHLBI (Protocol Review Committee), NICHD (OPRU oversight committee).

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1) Consortium of MS Centers, speaker honoraria; (2) Teva, Speaker honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1) Multiple Sclerosis, Editorial Board, 2010-present (2) JASN, 2013- present, statistical consulting reviewer (3) Alzheimers & Dementia: Translational Research & Clinical Interventions

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. (1) Employed by the University of Alabama at Birmingham; (2) President of Pythagoras, Inc. a private consulting company located in Birmingham AL.

    Consultancies:

    1. Argenx BVBA, Atara Biotherapeutics, Consortium of MS Centers (grant), Genzyme, Genentech, Innate Therapeutics, Jannsen Pharmaceuticals, Klein-Buendel Incorporated, Medimmune, Medday, Nivalis, Novartis, Opexa Therapeutics, Roche, Savara Inc., Somahlution, Teva pharmaceuticals, Transparency Life Sciences, TG Therapeutics

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other activities:

    1. (1) NARCOMS MS Patient Registry funded by CMSC

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. No direct grants, but work on studies funded to the Consortium of MS Centers subcontracted for analysis of NARCOMS Registry.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. ACTIVE U01 NS 042685 (Cutter) 09/23/2005 ? 08/31/2015 NIH/NINDS Thymectomy Plus Prednisone vs. Prednisone Alone in NonThymomatous Myasthenia Gravis This multinational clinical trial aims to assess the utility of thymectomy in treating nonthymomatous Myasthenia Gravis patients comparing surgery plus medications versus medications alone. P30-AI 027767 (Saag, M.) 06/01/2014 ? 05/31/2019 NIH/NIAID UAB Center for Aids Research This CFAR is organized as a partnership between the University of Alabama at Birmingham and the Southern Research Institute. The primary purpose of this partnership is to generate interdisciplinary AIDS research efforts. This Center is responsible for planning, evaluating, managing and documenting a broad array of research activities within two institutions. Particular emphasis is placed upon linking clinical and basic science studies through the use of shared facilities and to translate as quickly as possible fundamental knowledge about AIDS and its related disorders into clinical treatment and prevention programs. U01-HL 119242 (Cutter) 09/01/2014 ? 05/31/2020 NIH/NHLBI Chronic Hypertension and Pregnancy (CHAP): Data Coordinating Center We propose a large pragmatic multi-center randomized trial of pregnant women with mild chronic hypertension to evaluate the benefits and harms of antihypertensive therapy to a goal <140/90 mmHg (as recommended for the general population in the US) compared with ACOG's current policy of expectant management of mild chronic hypertension in pregnancy. The trial will be conducted in 12 experienced research-oriented Ob/Gyn departments (including 25 clinical sites) in the United States. The monitoring plan will include a pre-specified option to increase the planned sample size of 4700 women after interim evaluation by an independent Data Safety and Monitoring Board. R01 HD 064729 (Tita) 04/01/2010 ? 07/31/2015 NIH/NICHD Caesarean Section Optimal Antibiotic Prophylaxis (C/SOAP) Trial A multicenter randomized trial to determine the efficacy and safety of a modified (extended-spectrum) antibiotic prophylaxis strategy at cesarean delivery to reduce surgical site infections. R01 AG 021927 (Marson) 07/01/2010 ? 06/30/2015 NIH/NIA Functional Change in Mild Cognitive Impairment (COINS) This R01 project investigates longitudinal change in higher order functional abilities in patients with MCI, and develops predictor models for clinical progression and conversion from MCI to dementia. No number assigned (Cutter) 01/01/2004 ? 12/31/2015 Consortium of MS Centers (CMSC) North American Research Consortium on Multiple Sclerosis (NARCOMS) The goals of this project are to facilitate a confidential way for patients to supply valuable information to researchers about their course of disease that may lead to more effective treatments and care. W81XWH-12-1-0155 (Korf) 05/15/2012 ? 05/14/2017 U.S. Department of Defense NEUTOFIBOMATOSIS CLINICAL CONSORTIUM AWARD This is a cooperative study group that is focusing on multiple trials in NF. The role of the operations center is both as the data center and the overall coordinating of the study group. U01NS45719 (Lublin) 06/01/2004 ? 11/30/2015 NIH/NINDS CombiRx Statistical and Data Management Center A Phase III, multi-center, double-blind, randomized study comparing the combined use of Interferon Beta-1a and Glatiramer Acetate to either agent alone in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. 140305 (Greenberg) 09/01/2013 ? 08/31/2016 Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute Collaborative Assessment of Pediatric Transverse Myelitis: Understand, Reveal, Educate (CAPTURE) U34 AR062891 (K. Saag) 04/15/2013 ? 03/31/2015 NIH/NIAMS Effectiveness of DiscontinuinG BisphosphonatEs Study (EDGE) Planning grant for a Pragmatic Clinical Trial (PCT), ?Effectiveness of DiscontinuinG bisphosphonatEs (EDGE) Study?, a ?real world? effectiveness trial of an initially estimated 4,100 patients randomized to continuation or discontinuation of prior alendronate therapy. P30DK079337 (Agarwal) 09/20/13 ? 07/31/18 NIH/NIDDK UAB/UCSD O?Brien Core Center for Acute Kidney Injury Research In summary, these cores and the outstanding cohort of investigators assembled for this center will provide unique expertise that is critical for innovative and productive research in AKI. With its Extended Research Base that includes both clinical and basic investigators, this O'Brien center will accelerate the translation of new investigative insights towards novel therapies for patients with AKI. RSTFD0000541263 (Cutter) 09/01/13 ? 08/31/17 Children?s Hospital (Boston) Early Biomarkers of Autism Spectrum Disorders in Infants with Tuberous Sclerosis MG Registry (Cutter) 01/01/14-present (annually) MGFA This is new registry (1.5 years old) that is a patient registry of Myasthenia Gravis Patients based solely on patient reported outcomes tracking their disease over time. CBD Trial (Cutter) 04/01/2014 ? 9/30/2015 State of Alabama The data management center for the effectiveness of cannabidiol (CBD) oil for the treatment of seizures and epilepsy.

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) Consortium of MS Centers (2) Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America, grant for MG Registry

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. Pythagoras, Inc. Sub S Corporation - President.

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. Galderma Litigation (acne case) reviewed statistical data

  7. Ilya Kister, MD and
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Biogen Idec MS Franchise Data Generation Advisory Board Genentech Advisory Board

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Biogen Idec one-time consulting fee

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Received research support from Biogen-Idec, Serono, Novartis, Genzyme

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation (2) National Multiple Sclerosis Society

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  8. Michael Levy, MD, PhD
    9. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Asterias, Chugai, Alexion

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Editorial Board member of Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders

    Patents:

    1. 1. Aquaporin-4 sequence that elicits pathogenic T cell response in animal model of neuromyelitis optica. 2. Description: patent covers use of peptide for diagnostic and therapeutic developments.

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Guidepoint Global; Gerson Lehrman Group; Cowen Group

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Viropharma/Shire, Acorda, ApoPharma and Sanofi, Genzyme, Alnylam, Alexion, Terumo BCT

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. From the Department of Neurology (M.A.M., R.A.K., L.T., M.L.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD; the Department of Neurology (Z.R., A.R., I.K.), New York University; and the University of Alabama (G.C.), Birmingham, AL.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Levy mlevy{at}jhmi.edu
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