Abstract
Objective To describe clinical and radiologic features of cranial nerve (CN) involvement in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-IgG) and to assess the potential underlying mechanism of CN involvement using a nonhuman primate (NHP) model.
Methods Epidemiologic, clinical, and radiologic features from a national cohort of 273 MOG-IgG–positive patients were retrospectively reviewed for CN involvement between January 2014 and January 2018. MOG-IgG binding was evaluated in CNS, CN, and peripheral nerve tissues from NHP.
Results We identified 3 MOG-IgG–positive patients with radiologic and/or clinical CN involvement. Two patients displayed either trigeminal or vestibulocochlear nerve lesions at the root level, and the remaining patient had an oculomotor nerve involvement at the root exit and at the cisternal level. Additional CNS involvement was found in all 3 patients. None of the 3 patients' sera recognized MOG expression in CN of NHP.
Conclusion Craneal nerve involvement can coexist in patients with MOG antibody disease, although the underlying pathophysiology remains elusive.
Glossary
- AQP4=
- aquaporin-4;
- CN=
- cranial nerve;
- hMOG=
- human MOG;
- MBP=
- myelin basic protein;
- MFI=
- mean fluorescence intensity;
- MOG=
- myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein;
- MTP=
- methylprednisolone;
- NHP=
- nonhuman primate;
- NMOSD=
- neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder;
- OCB=
- oligoclonal band;
- OFSEP=
- Observatoire Français de la Sclérose en Plaques;
- RT=
- room temperature
Footnotes
↵* These authors contributed equally to the manuscript.
Funding information and disclosures are provided at the end of the article. Full disclosure form information provided by the authors is available with the full text of this article at Neurology.org/NN.
The Article Processing Charge was funded by the authors.
- Received October 8, 2018.
- Accepted in final form December 7, 2018.
- Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology.
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), which permits downloading and sharing the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.
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