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May 2019; 6 (3) ArticleOpen Access

Quantitative 7T MRI does not detect occult brain damage in neuromyelitis optica

Baptiste Pasquier, Nadja Borisow, Ludwig Rasche, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Klemens Ruprecht, Thoralf Niendorf, Tobias J. Derfuss, Jens Wuerfel, Friedemann Paul, Tim Sinnecker
First published March 7, 2019, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000541
Baptiste Pasquier
From the Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (B.P., T.J.D., T.S.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (N.B., L.R., J.B.-S., F.P., T.S.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Neurology (N.B., J.B.-S., K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; Clinical and Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Research Center (K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (T.N.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Germany; Medical Image Analysis Center AG (J.W., T.S.); and qbig (J.W.), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Nadja Borisow
From the Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (B.P., T.J.D., T.S.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (N.B., L.R., J.B.-S., F.P., T.S.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Neurology (N.B., J.B.-S., K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; Clinical and Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Research Center (K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (T.N.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Germany; Medical Image Analysis Center AG (J.W., T.S.); and qbig (J.W.), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Ludwig Rasche
From the Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (B.P., T.J.D., T.S.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (N.B., L.R., J.B.-S., F.P., T.S.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Neurology (N.B., J.B.-S., K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; Clinical and Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Research Center (K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (T.N.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Germany; Medical Image Analysis Center AG (J.W., T.S.); and qbig (J.W.), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Judith Bellmann-Strobl
From the Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (B.P., T.J.D., T.S.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (N.B., L.R., J.B.-S., F.P., T.S.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Neurology (N.B., J.B.-S., K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; Clinical and Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Research Center (K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (T.N.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Germany; Medical Image Analysis Center AG (J.W., T.S.); and qbig (J.W.), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Klemens Ruprecht
From the Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (B.P., T.J.D., T.S.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (N.B., L.R., J.B.-S., F.P., T.S.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Neurology (N.B., J.B.-S., K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; Clinical and Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Research Center (K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (T.N.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Germany; Medical Image Analysis Center AG (J.W., T.S.); and qbig (J.W.), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Thoralf Niendorf
From the Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (B.P., T.J.D., T.S.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (N.B., L.R., J.B.-S., F.P., T.S.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Neurology (N.B., J.B.-S., K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; Clinical and Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Research Center (K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (T.N.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Germany; Medical Image Analysis Center AG (J.W., T.S.); and qbig (J.W.), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Tobias J. Derfuss
From the Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (B.P., T.J.D., T.S.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (N.B., L.R., J.B.-S., F.P., T.S.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Neurology (N.B., J.B.-S., K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; Clinical and Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Research Center (K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (T.N.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Germany; Medical Image Analysis Center AG (J.W., T.S.); and qbig (J.W.), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Jens Wuerfel
From the Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (B.P., T.J.D., T.S.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (N.B., L.R., J.B.-S., F.P., T.S.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Neurology (N.B., J.B.-S., K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; Clinical and Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Research Center (K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (T.N.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Germany; Medical Image Analysis Center AG (J.W., T.S.); and qbig (J.W.), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Friedemann Paul
From the Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (B.P., T.J.D., T.S.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (N.B., L.R., J.B.-S., F.P., T.S.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Neurology (N.B., J.B.-S., K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; Clinical and Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Research Center (K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (T.N.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Germany; Medical Image Analysis Center AG (J.W., T.S.); and qbig (J.W.), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Tim Sinnecker
From the Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (B.P., T.J.D., T.S.), Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research and Biomedical Engineering, University Hospital and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (N.B., L.R., J.B.-S., F.P., T.S.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Neurology (N.B., J.B.-S., K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine; Clinical and Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Research Center (K.R., F.P.), Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (T.N.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Germany; Medical Image Analysis Center AG (J.W., T.S.); and qbig (J.W.), Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
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Citation
Quantitative 7T MRI does not detect occult brain damage in neuromyelitis optica
Baptiste Pasquier, Nadja Borisow, Ludwig Rasche, Judith Bellmann-Strobl, Klemens Ruprecht, Thoralf Niendorf, Tobias J. Derfuss, Jens Wuerfel, Friedemann Paul, Tim Sinnecker
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm May 2019, 6 (3) e541; DOI: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000541

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    Figure 1 Segmentation of the normal-appearing periependymal white matter

    The figure demonstrates the procedure to segment the normal-appearing periependymal white matter. First, the ventricles were segmented (A) and dilated by 1 mm to avoid partial volume effects and 2 mm to include the periependymal white matter (B). Second, the 1-mm dilated ventricle mask was subtracted from the 1 + 2 mm dilated ventricle mask (C). Finally, the periependymal mask was manually edited for smaller errors, and the lesion mask was subtracted (D) to overlay the final mask with T1 maps (E).

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    Figure 2 Exemplary masks of periependymal regions

    The figure demonstrates exemplary masks of segmented periependymal regions around the third ventricle (A), the lateral ventricles (B), the cerebral aqueduct (C), and the fourth ventricle (D).

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    Figure 3 Box plots

    Box plots of mean T1 values within periependymal regions around the lateral ventricles, the third ventricle, the cerebral aqueduct, and the fourth ventricle are displayed.

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