Vitamin D enhances responses to interferon-β in MS
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Article Information
- Received April 8, 2019
- Accepted in final form August 13, 2019
- First Published October 3, 2019.
Author Disclosures
- Xuan Feng, PhD*,
- Zhe Wang, MD, PhD*,
- Quentin Howlett-Prieto, BS,
- Nathan Einhorn, BA,
- Suad Causevic, BA and
- Anthony T. Reder, MD
- Xuan Feng, PhD*,
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- Zhe Wang, MD, PhD*,
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- Quentin Howlett-Prieto, BS,
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- Nathan Einhorn, BA,
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- Suad Causevic, BA and
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- Anthony T. Reder, MD
(1) Abbott, ImmunoScience, Inc., (2) Questcor/Malinkrodt, (3) AstraZeneca, (4)Merck Serono, (5) Athena Diagnostics, Inc., (6) Sanofi-Aventis, (7) Bayer, (8) Biogen Idec, (9) BioMS Medical, (10) Blue Cross Blue Shield, (11) Boehringer Ingelheim, (12) Caremark Rx, (13) Centocor Ortho Biotech Inc., (14) Cephalon, Inc., (15) Connetics Corp., (16) CroMedica Global Inc., (17) Eli Lilly and Company, (18) Elan Corporation, (19) Genentech, Inc., (20) Genzyme Corporation, (21) GlaxoSmithKline, (22) Hoechst Marion Roussel Canada Research, Inc., (23) Roche, (24) Immunex Corporation, (25) Institute for Health Care Quality, (26) Johnson & Johnson, (27) Yale University, (28) Barrow Neurological Institute, (29) National Multiple Sclerosis Society & Paralyzed Veterans of America, (30) Neurocrine Biosciences, (31) Novartis, (32) Parke-Davis, (33) Pfizer Inc., (34) Pharmacia & Upjohn, (35) Protein Design Labs, Inc., (36) Quantum Biotechnologies, Inc., (37) Quintiles, Inc., (38) EMD Serono, Inc., (39 Sention, Inc., (40) Smith Kline- Beecham, (41) Specialized Therapeutics (a division of Berlipharm, Inc.), (42) Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, (43) Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
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(1) Abbott, ImmunoScience, Inc., (2) Questcor/Malinkrodt, (3) AstraZeneca, (4)Merck Serono, (5) Athena Diagnostics, Inc., (6) Sanofi-Aventis, (7) Bayer Schering Pharma, (8) Biogen Idec, (9) BioMS Medical, (10) Blue Cross Blue Shield, (11) Boehringer Ingelheim, (12) Caremark Rx, (13) Centocor Ortho Biotech Inc., (14) Cephalon, Inc., (15) Connetics Corp., (16) CroMedica Global Inc., (17) Eli Lilly and Company, (18) Elan Corporation, (19) Genentech, Inc., (20) Genzyme Corporation, (21) GlaxoSmithKline, (22) Hoechst Marion Roussel Canada Research, Inc., (23) Roche, (24) Immunex Corporation, (25) Institute for Health Care Quality, (26) Johnson & Johnson, (27) Yale University, (28) Barrow Neurological Institute, (29) National Multiple Sclerosis Society & Paralyzed Veterans of America, (30) Neurocrine Biosciences, (31) Novartis, (32) Parke-Davis, (33) Pfizer Inc., (34) Pharmacia & Upjohn, (35) Protein Design Labs, Inc., (36) Quantum Biotechnologies, Inc., (37) Quintiles, Inc., (38) EMD Serono, Inc., (39 Sention, Inc., (40) Smith Kline- Beecham, (41) Specialized Therapeutics (a division of Berlipharm, Inc.), (42) Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, (43) Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
(1) Medlink/Neurobase Editorial Board, Arbor Publishing Corporation, San Diego, CA, 1999-Present; (2) Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, Editorial Board, 2001- present; (3) Türk Nöroloji Dergisi (Turkish Journal of Neurology), Editorial Board, 2004-present
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(1) Abbott, (2) Questcor/Malinkrodt,(3) AstraZeneca, (4) Merck Serono, (5) Athena Diagnostics, Inc., (6) Sanofi- Aventis, (7) Bayer Schering Pharma, (8) Biogen Idec, (9) BioMS Medical, (10) Blue Cross Blue Shield, (11) Boehringer Ingelheim, (12) Caremark Rx, (13) Centocor Ortho Biotech Inc., (14) Cephalon, Inc., (15) Connetics Corp., (16) CroMedica Global Inc., (17) Eli Lilly and Company, (18) Elan Corporation, (19) Genentech, Inc., (20) Genzyme Corporation, (21) GlaxoSmithKline, (22) Hoechst Marion Roussel Canada Research, Inc., (23) Roche, (24) Immunex Corporation, (25) Institute for Health Care Quality, (26) Johnson & Johnson, (27) Yale University, (28) Barrow Neurological Institute, (29) National Multiple Sclerosis Society & Paralyzed Veterans of America, (30) Neurocrine Biosciences, (30.5) NIH (31) Novartis, (32) Parke-Davis, (33) Pfizer Inc., (34) Pharmacia & Upjohn, (35) Protein Design Labs, Inc., (36) Quantum Biotechnologies, Inc., (37) Quintiles, Inc., (38) EMD Serono, Inc., (39 Sention, Inc., (40) Smith Kline- Beecham, (41) Specialized Therapeutics (a division of Berlipharm, Inc.), (42) Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, (43) Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
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(1) Novartis, (2) Bayer, (3) Serono, Inc., (4) Chugai, (5) Genzyme,(6) Biogen Idec, (7)Medimmune (8) Genentech/Roche, Inc., (8) Medday
(1) NIH/NINDS RO1 NS 051591, Site PI; (2) NIH 1 K24 RR021948, PI. (2) Chinese Government, (3) Turkish Ministry of Defense Fellowship Award, (4) the State of Illinois
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(1) the National MS Society, (2) the Brain Research Foundation, (3) the American Academy of Allergy & Immunology, (4) Howard Hughes Foundation, (5) Egypt Arab Republic Peace Fellowship,
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- From the Department of Neurology (X.F., Q.H.-P., N.E., S.C., A.T.R.), University of Chicago Medicine, IL; and Department of Neurology (Z.W.), The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, China.
- Correspondence
Dr. Reder areder{at}neurology.bsd.uchicago.edu
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