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November 2019; 6 (6) Clinical/Scientific NotesOpen Access

Ineffective treatment of PML with pembrolizumab

Exhausted memory T-cell subsets as a clue?

Marc Pawlitzki, Tilman Schneider-Hohendorf, Leoni Rolfes, Sven G. Meuth, Heinz Wiendl, Nicholas Schwab, Oliver M. Grauer
First published October 9, 2019, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000627
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Article Information

vol. 6 no. 6 e627
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000627
PubMed: 
31597692
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Online ISSN: 
2332-7812
History: 
  • Received July 3, 2019
  • Accepted in final form August 21, 2019
  • First Published October 9, 2019.
Copyright & Usage: 
Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), which permits downloading and sharing the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

Author Disclosures

    1. Marc Pawlitzki, MD*,
    2. Tilman Schneider-Hohendorf, PhD*,
    3. Leoni Rolfes, MD,
    4. Sven G. Meuth, MD, PhD,
    5. Heinz Wiendl, MD,
    6. Nicholas Schwab, PhD* and
    7. Oliver M. Grauer, MD, PhD*
  1. Marc Pawlitzki, MD*,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Novartis, funding for travel to conference 2014-2016 Merck Serono, funding for travel to conference 2017

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Tilman Schneider-Hohendorf, PhD*,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. TSH received travel support from Novartis and Biogen.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Leoni Rolfes, MD,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1) Merck Serono, travel reimbursements (2) Sanofi Genzyme, travel reimbursements

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. Sven G. Meuth, MD, PhD,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) German association for Multiple Sclerosis (2) German Society for Neurology (DGN)(3) Neurology Trust (4) Center for Clinical Studies (ZKS) (5) Max Planck Society

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Sven Meuth receives honoraria for lecturing, and travel expenses for attending meetings from Almirall, Amicus Therapeutics Germany, Bayer Health Care, Biogen, Celgene, Diamed, Genzyme, MedDay Pharmaceuticals, Merck Serono, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, ONO Pharma, Roche, Sanofi- Aventis, Chugai Pharma, QuintilesIMS and Teva.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1) PLoS One (editor) (2) DGNeurologie, founding member editorial board

    Patents:

    1. (1)Effectivity of specific FXII/FXIIa inhibitors, particularly rHA-Infestin 4 used to treat neuro- inflammatoral diseases (WO 2013/113774 A1 and EP 2 263 110 A1) (2) Diagnosis of a novel autoimmune disease (European patent; 15001186.4 – 1402) (3)"NR2B selective NMDA-receptor Antagonists for Treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases” (Reference number: PCT/EP2016/069975)

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Sven Meuth receives honoraria for lecturing, and travel expenses for attending meetings from Almirall, Amicus Therapeutics Germany, Bayer Health Care, Biogen, Celgene, Diamed, Genzyme, MedDay Pharmaceuticals, Merck Serono, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, ONO Pharma, Roche, Sanofi- Aventis, Chugai Pharma, QuintilesIMS and Teva.

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Research is funded by Almirall, Amicus Therapeutics Germany, Biogen, Diamed, Fresenius Medical Care, Genzyme, Merck Serono, Novartis, ONO Pharma, Roche, and Teva.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. Research is funded by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft (DFG), German Academic Exchange Service, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Studies (IZKF) Muenster, German Foundation Neurology and Almirall, Amicus Therapeutics Germany, Biogen, Diamed, Fresenius Medical Care, Genzyme, Merck Serono, Novartis, ONO Pharma, Roche, and Teva.

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Research is funded by Else Kröner Fresenius Foundation, Hertie Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. Heinz Wiendl, MD,
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Biogen (2) Evgen (3) Genzyme (3) MedDay Pharmaceuticals (4) Merck Serono (5) Novartis (6) Roche Pharma AG (7) Sanofi-Aventis

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1) Alexion (2) Biogen (3) Cognomed (4) F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. (5) Gemeinnützige Hertie-Stiftung (6) Merck Serono (7) Novartis (8) Roche Pharma AG (9) Genzyme (10) TEVA (11) WebMD Global

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1) PLOS ONE, Editorial board member, since 2013 (2) Neurotherapeutics, since 2013 (3) Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. (1) Abbvie (2) Actelion (3) Biogen (4) IGES (5) Johnson & Johnson (6) Novartis (7) Roche (8) Sanofi-Aventis (9) Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Society

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Biogen (2) GlaxoSmithKline GmbH (3) Roche Pharma AG (4) Sanofi-Genzyme.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), 01GI1601E, principal investigator, 2016-2019 (2)Interdisciplinary Centre of Clinical Research (IZKF) Muenster, principal investigator, 2015-2018 (4)PML Consortium, principal investigator, 2016-2018 (5) German Research Foundation, principal investigator,SFB 1009 TP A3 + SFB-TR CRC128 TP A09 + SFB TR CRC128 TP A10, TR CRC128 TP V, TR CRC128 TP Z02 2016- 2020

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) Else Kröner Fresenius Foundation (2) Fresenius Foundation (3) Hertie Foundation (4) RE Children’s Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Nicholas Schwab, PhD* and
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1) Biogen, travel expenses, (2) Novartis, speaking honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) DFG CRC128 B1, starting 2012 (2) University Muenster, IMF, starting 2011 (3) PML Consortium, starting 2016

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. Oliver M. Grauer, MD, PhD*
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Roche, MagForce

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Gilead Sciences, Bristol-Myers-Squibb

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Bristol-Myers-Squibb

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. From the Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University of Muenster, Germany.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Grauer oliver.grauer{at}ukmuenster.de
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