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March 2020; 7 (2) ArticleOpen Access

Alemtuzumab therapy changes immunoglobulin levels in peripheral blood and CSF

Nora Möhn, Steffen Pfeuffer, Tobias Ruck, Catharina C. Gross, Thomas Skripuletz, Luisa Klotz, Heinz Wiendl, Martin Stangel, Sven G. Meuth
First published December 11, 2019, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000654
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Article Information

vol. 7 no. 2 e654
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000654
PubMed: 
31826986
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Online ISSN: 
2332-7812
History: 
  • Received June 24, 2019
  • Accepted in final form November 4, 2019
  • First Published December 11, 2019.
Copyright & Usage: 
Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), which permits downloading and sharing the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

Author Disclosures

    1. Nora Möhn, MD*,
    2. Steffen Pfeuffer, MD*,
    3. Tobias Ruck, MD,
    4. Catharina C. Gross, PhD,
    5. Thomas Skripuletz, MD,
    6. Luisa Klotz, MD,
    7. Heinz Wiendl, MD,
    8. Martin Stangel, MD* and
    9. Sven G. Meuth, MD, PhD*
  1. Nora Möhn, MD*,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Steffen Pfeuffer, MD*,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Commercial entity: Travel grants by Sanofi Genzyme, Merck, Biogen, Mylan

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Commercial entity: Research support from DIAMED ans Merck Serono

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Society: Research support from the German Multiple Sclerosis Society (DMSG)

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Tobias Ruck, MD,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. TR served on a scientific advisory board for Genzyme, Merck and Novartis.

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. TR has received travel expenses from Genzyme and Novartis and has received honoraria for lecturing from Genzyme, Biogen and Teva.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Guest associate editor for Frontiers in Neurology.

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. TR has received financial research support from Genzyme and Novartis.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Supported by the German Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Technology (01GI1603D, to T.R. and S.G.M.; FKZ01FI1603A to HW, LK, and CCG)

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. Catharina C. Gross, PhD,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. I received speaker honoraria and travel expenses for attending meetings from Biogen, Euroimmun, Genzyme, Mylan, Novartis Pharma GmbH, and Bayer Health Care.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Frontiers in Immunology, Review Editor, Since 2015

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. EU Horizon 2020 ReSTORE German Research Foundation (DFG), GR3946/3-1, 01/2018- 12/2020 German Research Foundation (DFG), GR3946/2-1, 01/2013- 12/2015 German Research Foundation (DFG), SFB-CRC-TR 129,Project A09 07/2016-06/2020 BMBF grant Disease-Related Competence Network Multiple Sclerosis, Immune MS, KKNMS-030

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. The Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Studies (IZKF) Innovative Medical Science Grant (IMF-grant) of the medical faculty of the University of Münster, KL111421, 07/2014-06/2016

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. Thomas Skripuletz, MD,
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Speaker honoraria: Alexion Pharma Germany GmbH, Bayer Vital GmbH, CSL Behring GmbH, Roche Pharma AG, Merck Serono GmbH, Sanofi Aventis Deutschland GmbH. All outside the submitted work.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Guest Editor 2018/2019: Frontiers in Neurology, Special Topic: New Cerebrospinal Fluid Research to Uncover Mechanisms Driving Neurological and Psychiatric Diseases

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Luisa Klotz, MD,
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Genzyme (2) Novartis (3) Roche (4) Merck (5) Janssen (6) Alexion

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1) Novartis, speaker honoraria and travel support (2) Merck Serono, speaker honoraria and travel support (3) Biogen, speaker honoraria and travel support (4) Roche, speaker honoraria and travel support (5) Genzyme, speaker honoraria and travel support (6) Teva, speaker honoraria and travel support (7) Janssen, speaker honoraria and travel support (8) Santhera, speaker honoraria and travel support (9) Grifols, speaker honoraria and travel support (10)Alexion, speaker honoraria and travel support

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Novartis (2) Biogen (3) Merck

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) (CRC) SFB TR-128 Impact of dietary factors on the gut-CNS-axis – implications for CNS autoimmunity A08, Project leader, 2016-2020 (2) (CRC) SFB 1009 “Immune-cell interactions with endothelial cells and pericytes at the blood-brain- barrier: mechanisms and consequences” A03, Sub-project Leader, 2012-2020 (3) CRC; ‘The role of the nuclear receptor NR4A1 in acute ischemic stroke: pathophysiology, therapy evaluation and human translation';Sub-Project leader, 2018-2020 (4) Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) Competence Network Multiple Sklerose: “Multi-parameter immune cell-profiling: identification of biosignatures to understand heterogeneity, prognosis and treatment response factors in MS“, 3.1 Sub-project Leader, 2016-2020 (5) Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research, Münster (IZKF),"Antigen-specific CDS T-cell responses in Neuromyelits Optica and Susac Syndrome", Sub-Project leader, 2019-2021 (6) Innovative Medical Research(IMF) Münster,"Farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-induced anti-inflammatory monocyte polarization relevance for autoimmunity", Project-leader, 2019-2021 (7)CRC;"ImmunoStroke: From immune Cells to Stroke Recovery" Sub-Project leader, since 2019 (8)CRC: Organ dysfuncion during systemic inflammation: Immune system variables in healthy subjects and during systemic inflammation Sub-Project leader, 2020-2023

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. Heinz Wiendl, MD,
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Biogen, (2) Evgen (3) MedDay Pharmaceuticals (4) Merck Serono (5) Novartis (6) Roche Pharma AG (7) Sanofi-Genzyme

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1) Alexion (2) Biogen (3) Cognomed (4) F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd. (5) Gemeinnützige Hertie-Stiftung (6) Merck Serono (7) Novartis (8) Roche Pharma AG (9) Sanofi-Genzyme (10) TEVA (11) WebMD Global

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1) PLOS ONE, Editorial board member, since 2013 (2) Neurotherapeutics, since 2013 (3) Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. (1) Abbvie (2) Biogen (3) IGES (4) Johnson & Johnson (5) Merck (6) Novartis (7) Roche (8) Sanofi-Genzyme (9) Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Society

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Bayer Healthcare (2) Bayer Vital (3) Biogen (4) Merck Serono (5) Novartis (6) Sanofi – Genzyme (7) Sanofi US (8) TEVA Pharma

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), 01GI1601E, principal investigator, 2016-2019 (2)Interdisciplinary Centre of Clinical Research (IZKF) Muenster, principal investigator, 2015-2018 (4)PML Consortium, principal investigator, 2016-2018 (5) German Research Foundation, principal investigator,SFB 1009 TP A3 + SFB-TR CRC128 TP A09 + SFB TR CRC128 TP A10, TR CRC128 TP V, TR CRC128 TP Z02 2016- 2020

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) Else Kröner Fresenius Foundation (2) Fresenius Foundation (3) Hertie Foundation (4) RE Children’s Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  8. Martin Stangel, MD* and
    9. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Alexion, Biogen, Bayer Healthcare, Baxalta/Shire/Takeda, Celgene, CSL Behring, Grifols, Janssen, MedDay, Merck- Serono, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Travel and speaker honoraria from Bayer Healthcare, Biogen, CSL Behring, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme, and Teva

    Editorial Boards:

    1. PLoS ONE, Academic Editor; Multiple Sclerosis International, Editorial Board Member

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Biogen, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Sanofi-Genzyme

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), EU FP7

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Volkswagenstiftung

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  9. Sven G. Meuth, MD, PhD*
    10. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) German association for Multiple Sclerosis (2) German Society for Neurology (DGN)(3) Neurology Trust (4) Center for Clinical Studies (ZKS) (5) Max Planck Society

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Sven Meuth receives honoraria for lecturing, and travel expenses for attending meetings from Almirall, Amicus Therapeutics Germany, Bayer Health Care, Biogen, Celgene, Diamed, Genzyme, MedDay Pharmaceuticals, Merck Serono, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, ONO Pharma, Roche, Sanofi- Aventis, Chugai Pharma, QuintilesIMS and Teva.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1) PLoS One (editor) (2) DGNeurologie, founding member editorial board

    Patents:

    1. (1)Effectivity of specific FXII/FXIIa inhibitors, particularly rHA-Infestin 4 used to treat neuro- inflammatoral diseases (WO 2013/113774 A1 and EP 2 263 110 A1) (2) Diagnosis of a novel autoimmune disease (European patent; 15001186.4 – 1402) (3)"NR2B selective NMDA-receptor Antagonists for Treatment of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases” (Reference number: PCT/EP2016/069975)

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Sven Meuth receives honoraria for lecturing, and travel expenses for attending meetings from Almirall, Amicus Therapeutics Germany, Bayer Health Care, Biogen, Celgene, Diamed, Genzyme, MedDay Pharmaceuticals, Merck Serono, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, ONO Pharma, Roche, Sanofi- Aventis, Chugai Pharma, QuintilesIMS and Teva.

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Research is funded by Almirall, Amicus Therapeutics Germany, Biogen, Diamed, Fresenius Medical Care, HERZ Burgdorf, Genzyme, Merck Serono, Novartis, ONO Pharma, Roche, and Teva.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. Research is funded by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgesellschaft (DFG), German Academic Exchange Service, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Studies (IZKF) Muenster, German Foundation Neurology, Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung; Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Research is funded by Else Kröner Fresenius Foundation, Hertie Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. From the Department of Neurology and Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neurochemistry (N.M., T.S., M.S.), Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; and Neurology Clinic with Institute of Translational Neurology (S.P., T.R., C.C.G., L.K., H.W., S.G.M.), University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Stangel Stangel.Martin{at}mh-hannover.de
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