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March 2021; 8 (2) ArticleOpen Access

Effect of Ocrelizumab in Blood Leukocytes of Patients With Primary Progressive MS

José I. Fernández-Velasco, Jens Kuhle, Enric Monreal, Virginia Meca-Lallana, José Meca-Lallana, Guillermo Izquierdo, Francisco Gascón-Giménez, Susana Sainz de la Maza, Paulette E. Walo-Delgado, Aleksandra Maceski, Eulalia Rodríguez-Martín, Ernesto Roldán, Noelia Villarrubia, Albert Saiz, Yolanda Blanco, Pedro Sánchez, Ester Carreón-Guarnizo, Yolanda Aladro, Luis Brieva, Cristina Íñiguez, Inés González-Suárez, Luis A. Rodríguez de Antonio, Jaime Masjuan, Lucienne Costa-Frossard, Luisa M. Villar
First published January 6, 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000940
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Article Information

vol. 8 no. 2 e940
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000940
PubMed: 
33408167
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Online ISSN: 
2332-7812
History: 
  • Received July 14, 2020
  • Accepted in final form November 3, 2020
  • First Published January 6, 2021.
Copyright & Usage: 
Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), which permits downloading and sharing the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

Author Disclosures

    1. José I. Fernández-Velasco, BSc (fernacho_vel{at}hotmail.com),
    2. Jens Kuhle, MD, PhD (jens.kuhle{at}usb.ch),
    3. Enric Monreal, MD (enrique.monreal{at}salud.madrid.org),
    4. Virginia Meca-Lallana, MD (virmeca{at}hotmail.com),
    5. José Meca-Lallana, MD, PhD (pmecal{at}gmail.com),
    6. Guillermo Izquierdo, MD, PhD (g.i.ayuso{at}gmail.com),
    7. Francisco Gascón-Giménez, MD (fgascongimenez{at}gmail.com),
    8. Susana Sainz de la Maza, MD (susana.sainzdelamaza{at}salud.madrid.org),
    9. Paulette E. Walo-Delgado, MD (paulettewalo{at}gmail.com),
    10. Aleksandra Maceski, PhD (aleksandra.maceski{at}unibas.ch),
    11. Eulalia Rodríguez-Martín, PhD (eulalia.rodriguez{at}salud.madrid.org),
    12. Ernesto Roldán, PhD (ernesto.roldan{at}salud.madrid.org),
    13. Noelia Villarrubia, PhD (noelia.villarrubia{at}salud.madrid.org),
    14. Albert Saiz, MD, PhD (asaiz{at}clinic.cat),
    15. Yolanda Blanco, MD (yblanco{at}clinic.cat),
    16. Pedro Sánchez, MD (pedro871{at}gmail.com),
    17. Ester Carreón-Guarnizo, MD, PhD (strcg_2{at}hotmail.com),
    18. Yolanda Aladro, MD (yolanda.aladro{at}salud.madrid.org),
    19. Luis Brieva, MD (brievaluis{at}hotmail.com),
    20. Cristina Íñiguez, MD (cinniguez{at}salud.aragon.es),
    21. Inés González-Suárez, MD (igonsua{at}gmail.com),
    22. Luis A. Rodríguez de Antonio, MD (luisalberto.rodriguez{at}salud.madrid.org),
    23. Jaime Masjuan, MD (jaime.masjuan{at}salud.madrid.org),
    24. Lucienne Costa-Frossard, MD (lucienne.costa{at}salud.madrid.org) and
    25. Luisa M. Villar, PhD
  1. José I. Fernández-Velasco, BSc (fernacho_vel{at}hotmail.com),
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Jens Kuhle, MD, PhD (jens.kuhle{at}usb.ch),
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Bayer AG (2) Biogen (3) Celgene (4) Sanofi (5) Merck (4) Novartis (5) Roche

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) Swiss National Research Foundation (320030_189140/1)

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) ECTRIMS Research Fellowship Programme (2) University of Basel (3) Swiss MS Society (4) Progressive MS Alliance

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Enric Monreal, MD (enrique.monreal{at}salud.madrid.org),
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Sanofi-Genzyme; Roche; Merck-Serono; Biogen

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. Virginia Meca-Lallana, MD (virmeca{at}hotmail.com),
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. scientific advisory boards for Genzyme and Roche, and has received speaker honoraria from Sanofi-Aventis, Merck-Serono, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Novartis, Biogen Idec and Terumo.

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Genzyme, Sanofi-Aventis, Merck-Serono, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Novartis, Biogen Idec and Terumo.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. José Meca-Lallana, MD, PhD (pmecal{at}gmail.com),
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Dr. Jose E Meca-Lallana has received compensation for consulting services from Biogen-Idec, Bristol-Meyers-Squibb, Merck-Serono, Sanofi-Aventis, Roche and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. Dr. Jose E Meca-Lallana has received speaker honoraria from Almirall, Biogen-Idec, Bristol-Meyers-Squibb, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Guillermo Izquierdo, MD, PhD (g.i.ayuso{at}gmail.com),
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Biogen-Idec, Roche, Novartis, Sanofi Genzyme, Merck Serono, Actelion,Janssen, Celgene and Teva.

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Sanofi Genzyme, Roche, Novartis.

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. Francisco Gascón-Giménez, MD (fgascongimenez{at}gmail.com),
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Genzyme-Sanofi (2) Novartis (3) Roche (4)Merck (5)Biogen

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. (1) Genzyme-Sanofi, funding for travel and speaker honoraria (2) Novartis, funding for travel and speaker honoraria(3) Roche funding for travel and speaker honoraria (4)Merck funding for travel and speaker honoraria (5)Biogen funding for travel and speaker honoraria (6)Almirall funding for travel(7) Bayerfunding for local neurological meeting

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  8. Susana Sainz de la Maza, MD (susana.sainzdelamaza{at}salud.madrid.org),
    9. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Almirall (2) Biogen (3) Genzyme (4) Merck (5) Novartis (6) Roche

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  9. Paulette E. Walo-Delgado, MD (paulettewalo{at}gmail.com),
    10. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  10. Aleksandra Maceski, PhD (aleksandra.maceski{at}unibas.ch),
    11. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  11. Eulalia Rodríguez-Martín, PhD (eulalia.rodriguez{at}salud.madrid.org),
    12. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  12. Ernesto Roldán, PhD (ernesto.roldan{at}salud.madrid.org),
    13. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  13. Noelia Villarrubia, PhD (noelia.villarrubia{at}salud.madrid.org),
    14. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1)Fondo para la Investigación Sanitaria from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spain) and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), grant number: RD16/0015/0001, 2019-2021 (2)Fondo para la Investigación Sanitaria from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (Spain) and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), grant number: PI18/00572, 2017-2021

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  14. Albert Saiz, MD, PhD (asaiz{at}clinic.cat),
    15. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. compensation for consulting services and speaker honoraria from Bayer-Schering, Merck-Serono, Biogen-Idec, Sanofi-Aventis, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Novartis, Alexion,and Roche

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  15. Yolanda Blanco, MD (yblanco{at}clinic.cat),
    16. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  16. Pedro Sánchez, MD (pedro871{at}gmail.com),
    17. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  17. Ester Carreón-Guarnizo, MD, PhD (strcg_2{at}hotmail.com),
    18. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  18. Yolanda Aladro, MD (yolanda.aladro{at}salud.madrid.org),
    19. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  19. Luis Brieva, MD (brievaluis{at}hotmail.com),
    20. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. COMMERCIAL ENTITY: Bayer, Celgene, Merck, Biogen, Sanofi, Roche

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. COMMERCIAL ENTITY: Bayer, Celgene, Merck, Biogen, Sanofi, Roche

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. Institut de reserca de Lleida: IRBLLEIDA. Lleida University.

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  20. Cristina Íñiguez, MD (cinniguez{at}salud.aragon.es),
    21. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  21. Inés González-Suárez, MD (igonsua{at}gmail.com),
    22. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. None

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. None

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  22. Luis A. Rodríguez de Antonio, MD (luisalberto.rodriguez{at}salud.madrid.org),
    23. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Sanofi Aventis.

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. (1)Biogen Idec, travel grant.(2)Novartis, travel grant.(3)Almirall, travel grant, speaker honoraria.(4)Sanofi Aventis, travel grant, speaker honoraria.(5)Roche, speaker honoraria.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. None

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  23. Jaime Masjuan, MD (jaime.masjuan{at}salud.madrid.org),
    24. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  24. Lucienne Costa-Frossard, MD (lucienne.costa{at}salud.madrid.org) and
    25. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. received payment for giving conferences, or travel expenses or research grants from Merck-Serono, Biogen, Sanofi-Genzyme, Roche, Bayer and Novartis. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest.

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. received payment for giving conferences, or travel expenses or research grants from Merck-Serono, Biogen, Sanofi-Genzyme, Roche, Bayer and Novartis. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Editorial Board Member in American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. received payment for giving conferences, or travel expenses or research grants from Merck-Serono, Biogen, Sanofi-Genzyme, Roche, Bayer and Novartis. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest.

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. received payment for giving conferences, or travel expenses or research grants from Merck-Serono, Biogen, Sanofi-Genzyme, Roche, Bayer and Novartis. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest.

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  25. Luisa M. Villar, PhD
    26. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1)Biogen (2)Novartis (3)Sanofi/Genzyme (4)Bristol Myers Squibb

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1)Biogen (2)Novartis (3)Sanofi/Genzyme (4)Bristol Myers Squibb (5)Merck (6)Roche.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1)Biogen (2)Merck (3)Sanofi/Genzyme (4)Roche

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) ISCIII-Subdirección General de Evaluación and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER, "Otra manera de hacer Europa") RD16/0015/0002. Role: Collaborative research in MS. Years: 2017-2021; ISCIII-Subdirección General de Evaluación and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER, "Otra manera de hacer Europa").RD16/0015/0003. Role: Collaborative research in MS. Years: 2017-2021; ISCIII-Subdirección General de Evaluación and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER, "Otra manera de hacer Europa") PI18/00572. Role: Effect of anti-CD20 antibodies in the immunological mechanisms in MS. Years: 2019-2021.

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. From the Immunology Department (J.I.F.-V., P.E.W.-D., E.R.-M., E.R., N.V., L.M.V.), Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (J.K., A.M.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine, and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Neurology Department (E.M., S.S.d.l.M., J.M., L.C.-F.), Ramon y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid; Neurology Department (V.M.-L., P.S.), La Princesa University Hospital, Madrid; Multiple Sclerosis and Clinical Neuroimmunology Unit (J.M.-L., E.C.-G.), Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia; Multiple Sclerosis Unit (G.I.), Vithas Nisa Sevilla Hospital; Neurology Department (F.G.-G.), Valencia Clinic University Hospital; Center of Neuroimmunology (A.S., Y.B.), Neurology Department, Clínic of Barcelona Hospital, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), and Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona; Neurology Department (Y.A.), Getafe University Hospital, Madrid; Neurology Department (L.B.), Arnau de Vilanova Hospital, Lleida; Neurology Department (C.Í.), Lozano Blesa Clinic University Hospital, Zaragoza; Neurology Department (I.G.-S.), Alvaro Cunqueiro Hospital, Vigo; Neurology Department (L.A.R.d.A.), Fuenlabrada University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Villar villarluisa88{at}gmail.com
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Article usage: January 2021 to February 2021

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