Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1 cTfh Frequency and ICOS Expression on cTfh and cTfh Subsets
(A) Representative flow cytometry dot plots of CXCR5 expression on CD4 T cells from patients with MG and HS (left) and representative flow cytometry dot plots showing expression of CXCR5 and ICOS (right). (B) Frequency of cTfh within CD4 T cells shown for comparison between patients with MG and HS. Frequency of ICOShigh cTfh within CD4 T cells (C) and within cTfh (D) for comparison between patients with MG and HS. Frequency of cTfh1 (CXCR3+ CCR6- cTfh), cTfh2 (CXCR3-CCR6-cTfh), and cTh17 (CXCR3-CCR6+ cTfh) within CD4 T cells (E) and cTfh1, cTfh2, and cTfh17 subsets within cTfh (F) was also analyzed. Data are indicated as the mean ± SEM. cTfh = circulating follicular helper T cell; HS = healthy subjects; ICOS = inducible T-cell costimulator; MG = myasthenia gravis; PBMC = peripheral blood mononuclear cell.
- Figure 2 Cytokine Production by cTfh and Correlation With ICOS Expression on cTfh
cTfh from 5 patients with MG and the same number of HS were cultured under PMA and ionomycin stimulation for 48 hours. CXCR5+CD4 T cells as cTfh, ICOShigh cTfh, and ICOShigh cTfh were sorted as shown in (A). Levels of IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17A, and IL-21 production by cTfh were measured and compared between patients with MG and HS (B). The heatmap shows cytokine production by ICOShigh and ICOSlow cTfh from patients with MG and HS (C). Each column represents the mean ± SEM. CCR6 = C-C receptor 6; cTfh = circulating follicular helper T cell; CXCR5 = C-X-C motif receptor 5; HS = healthy subjects; ICOS = inducible T-cell costimulator; IFN-γ = interferon-γ; IL = interleukin; MG = myasthenia gravis; PMA = phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate.
- Figure 3 Association of Disease Severity With Phenotype of cTfh and Tfh Phenotypic Change Before and After Treatment
The QMG score was correlated with the frequency of the following subsets within CD4 T cells: (A) cTfh, (B) ICOShigh cTfh, (C) ICOSlow cTfh. In (A), the circle indicates EOMG, and the triangle indicates LOMG. The QMG score and frequency of cTfh subsets within either CD4 T cells or cTfh were analyzed before and after immunotherapy. (D) QMG score. (E) Frequency of cTfh and (F) ICOShighcTfh within CD4 T cells. cTfh = circulating follicular helper T cell; ICOS = inducible T-cell costimulator; MG = myasthenia gravis; post = after immunotherapy; pre = before immunotherapy; QMG score = quantitative MG score.
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