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May 2021; 8 (3) ArticleOpen Access

CNS Autoimmune Responses in BCMA-Deficient Mice Provide Insight for the Failure of Atacicept in MS

Gaurav Kumar, Zahra Maria, Uday Kohli, Agnieshka Agasing, James L. Quinn, Rose M. Ko, Scott S. Zamvil, Robert C. Axtell
First published March 1, 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000973
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Article Information

vol. 8 no. 3 e973
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000973
PubMed: 
33649164
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Online ISSN: 
2332-7812
History: 
  • Received August 17, 2020
  • Accepted in final form December 21, 2020
  • First Published March 1, 2021.
Copyright & Usage: 
Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), which permits downloading and sharing the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

Author Disclosures

    1. Gaurav Kumar, PhD,
    2. Zahra Maria, PhD,
    3. Uday Kohli, BA,
    4. Agnieshka Agasing, PhD,
    5. James L. Quinn, PhD,
    6. Rose M. Ko, PhD,
    7. Scott S. Zamvil, MD, PhD and
    8. Robert C. Axtell, PhD
  1. Gaurav Kumar, PhD,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. 1. Annals of Immunology & Immunotherapy, Associate Editorial board member, 2019 2. Immunology and Inflammation Disease Therapy (Auctores), Editor, 2019 3. SCIREA Journal of Health, Editorial board member, 2019 4. SCIREA Journal of Biology, Editorial board member, 2019 5. SCIREA Journal of Medicine, Editorial board member, 2019 6. Journal of Brain & Neuroscience Research, Editor, 2018 7. Clinical Immunology and Infectious Disease, Board member, 2018 8. Madridge Journal of Internal and Emergency Medicine, Editorial board member, 2018

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Zahra Maria, PhD,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Uday Kohli, BA,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. Agnieshka Agasing, PhD,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. Biomarkers in NMOSD & MS to characterize disease activity.

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. EMD Serono, Medical Science Liaison, 4 months.

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. James L. Quinn, PhD,
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Rose M. Ko, PhD,
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. Scott S. Zamvil, MD, PhD and
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Dr. Zamvil has received honoraria for serving on Data Safety Monitoring Boards for MS trials conducted by Opexa, BioMS, Teva Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Eli Lilly and Co. Foundation.

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1) Biogen - Speaker honoraria and advisory board meetings (2) Teva - Speaker honoraria and advisory board meetings (3) Alexion - Speaker honoraria and advisory board meetings (4) Novartis - Speaker honoraria and advisory board meetings

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1) Neurology, Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation, Deputy Editor, 2014-present

    Patents:

    1. "Aquaporin-4 peptides and methods for using same" (SF2010-074; USF-461PRV (pending). The application describes the discovery of aquaporin-4 T cell determinants in neuromyelitis optica patients and the use for antigen-specific tolerance.

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. SSZ has served as a consultant to Biogen Idec, Teva Neuroscience, EMD-Serono, Genzyme, Novartis and Roche.

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. Advanced Health Media, 2009-present Biogen, 2009-present Alexion, 2019-present Viela Bio, 2020

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Biogen - speaker and advisory board meetings (2) Teva - speaker and advisory board meetings (3) Genentech - advisory board meeting (4) Novartis - advisory board meetings (5) Genzyme - advisory board meetings (6) Alexion - advisory board meeting

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NIH RO1 AI131624-O1A1 NIH R21 NS10815990-01

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NMSS RG 1701-26628 NMSS RG 1801-29861

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Alexander M. and June L. Maisin Foundation, PI

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  8. Robert C. Axtell, PhD
    9. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Roche (2) Progentec

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1) Alector, funding for travel.

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. (1) Biomarkers for prognosis of Multiple Sclerosis

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. (1) Progentec Diagnostics Inc. (2) EMD-Serono. (3) Roche. (4) Biogen-Idec

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. (1) EMD Serono

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. 1. Merck KGAA

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) NIH/NIAID, 1R01AI137047, PI, 2018-2022. (2) NIH/NEI, 5R01EY027346, PI, 2017-2022.

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) National Multiple Sclerosis Foundation, RG-1602-07722.

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. (1) Progentec

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. From the ACI (G.K., Z.M., U.K., A.A., J.L.Q., R.M.K., R.C.A.), Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation; and Department of Neurology and Program in Immunology, (S.S.Z.), University of California San Francisco.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Axtell bob-axtell{at}omrf.org

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