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September 2021; 8 (5) ArticleOpen Access

Dysregulation of the Adaptive Immune System in Patients With Early-Stage Parkinson Disease

Zhaoqi Yan, Wei Yang, Hairong Wei, Marissa N. Dean, View ORCID ProfileDavid G. Standaert, Gary R. Cutter, Etty N. Benveniste, View ORCID ProfileHongwei Qin
First published July 22, 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000001036
Zhaoqi Yan
From the Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology (Z.Y., W.Y., H.W., E.N.B., H.Q.), Department of Neurology (M.N.D., D.G.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham.
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  • For correspondence: zhaoqi.yan@gladstone.ucsf.edu
Wei Yang
From the Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology (Z.Y., W.Y., H.W., E.N.B., H.Q.), Department of Neurology (M.N.D., D.G.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham.
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  • For correspondence: weiyang@uab.edu
Hairong Wei
From the Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology (Z.Y., W.Y., H.W., E.N.B., H.Q.), Department of Neurology (M.N.D., D.G.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham.
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  • For correspondence: hairongwei@gmail.com
Marissa N. Dean
From the Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology (Z.Y., W.Y., H.W., E.N.B., H.Q.), Department of Neurology (M.N.D., D.G.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham.
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  • For correspondence: mndean@uabmc.edu
David G. Standaert
From the Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology (Z.Y., W.Y., H.W., E.N.B., H.Q.), Department of Neurology (M.N.D., D.G.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham.
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Gary R. Cutter
From the Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology (Z.Y., W.Y., H.W., E.N.B., H.Q.), Department of Neurology (M.N.D., D.G.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham.
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  • For correspondence: cutterg@uab.edu
Etty N. Benveniste
From the Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology (Z.Y., W.Y., H.W., E.N.B., H.Q.), Department of Neurology (M.N.D., D.G.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham.
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  • For correspondence: tika@uab.edu
Hongwei Qin
From the Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology (Z.Y., W.Y., H.W., E.N.B., H.Q.), Department of Neurology (M.N.D., D.G.S.), and Department of Biostatistics (G.R.C.), University of Alabama at Birmingham.
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Citation
Dysregulation of the Adaptive Immune System in Patients With Early-Stage Parkinson Disease
Zhaoqi Yan, Wei Yang, Hairong Wei, Marissa N. Dean, David G. Standaert, Gary R. Cutter, Etty N. Benveniste, Hongwei Qin
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm Sep 2021, 8 (5) e1036; DOI: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000001036

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    Figure 1 CD4+ and CD8+ T-Cell Subsets in Healthy Controls and Patients With Parkinson Disease

    (A) Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stained with surface markers for CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell subsets. (B) Frequencies of CD4+ T-cell subsets. (C) Frequencies of CD8+ T-cell subsets. *p < 0.05.

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    Figure 2 Cytokine Production by CD4+ and CD8+ T Cells in HCs and Patients With PD

    (A) Gating strategy of T cells. (B). IFN-γ+Th1 (B.a), IL-4+Th2 (B.b), IL-17A + Th17 (B.c), and Foxp3+Treg (B.d) cells in HCs and patients with PD. (C) Frequency of IFN-γ+CD8+ T cells in HCs and patients with PD. *p < 0.05. HC = healthy control; PD = Parkinson disease.

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    Figure 3 B-Cell Subsets and TNF-α Production in HCs and Patients With Parkinson Disease

    (A). Gating strategy of CD3−CD19+ B cells. (B). Total CD19+ B cells. (C). B-cell subsets. (D). CXCR3+CD27+ memory B cells. (E). TNF-⍺+CD19+ B cells in HCs and patients with Parkinson disease. *p < 0.05.

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