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November 2021; 8 (6) ArticleOpen Access

Genome-wide Association Study Identifies 2 New Loci Associated With Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis

Anja K. Tietz, View ORCID ProfileKlemens Angstwurm, Tobias Baumgartner, View ORCID ProfileKathrin Doppler, View ORCID ProfileKatharina Eisenhut, Martin Elisak, View ORCID ProfileAndre Franke, Kristin S. Golombeck, Robert Handreka, View ORCID ProfileMax Kaufmann, View ORCID ProfileMarkus Kraemer, Andrea Kraft, View ORCID ProfileJan Lewerenz, View ORCID ProfileWolfgang Lieb, View ORCID ProfileMarie Madlener, View ORCID ProfileNico Melzer, Hana Mojzisova, Peter Möller, Thomas Pfefferkorn, View ORCID ProfileHarald Prüss, Kevin Rostásy, Margret Schnegelsberg, Ina Schröder, Kai Siebenbrodt, View ORCID ProfileKurt-Wolfram Sühs, View ORCID ProfileJonathan Wickel, View ORCID ProfileKlaus-Peter Wandinger, View ORCID ProfileFrank Leypoldt, Gregor Kuhlenbäumer, on behalf of the German Network for Research on Autoimmune Encephalitis (GENERATE)
First published September 28, 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000001085
Anja K. Tietz
From the Department of Neurology (A.K.T., F.L., G.K.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (K.A.), University Hospital Regensburg; Department of Epileptiology (T.B.), University Hospital Bonn; Department of Neurology (K.D.), University Hospital Würzburg; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (K.E.), Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany; Department of Neurology (M.E., H.M.), Charles University, Second Faculty of Medicine and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology (A.F.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (K.S.G.), University Hospital Münster; Department of Neurology (R.H.), Carl-Thiem-Klinikum Cottbus; Institute of Neuroimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis (INIMS) (Max Kaufmann), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Department of Neurology (Markus Kraemer), Alfried Krupp Hospital, Essen; Department of Neurology (Markus Kraemer, N.M.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf; Department of Neurology (A.K.), Martha-Maria Hospital Halle; Department of Neurology (J.L.), University of Ulm; Institute of Epidemiology (W.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), University Hospital Cologne; Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology (P.M.), Klinikum Weimar; Department of Neurology (T.P.), Klinikum Ingolstadt; Department of Neurology and Experimental Neurology (H.P.), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin and German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Berlin; Department of Pediatric Neurology (K.R.), Children's Hospital Datteln, Witten/Herdecke University; Department of Neurology (M.S.), Asklepios Hospitals Schildautal, Seesen; Neuroimmunology (I.S., K.-P.W., F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Epilepsy Center Frankfurt Rhine-Main and Department of Neurology (K.S.), Unversity Hospital and Goethe Universiy Frankfurt; Department of Neurology (K.-W.S.), Hannover Medical School; and Section Translational Neuroimmunology (J.W.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital Jena, Germany.
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  • For correspondence: anja.tietz@uksh.de
Klemens Angstwurm
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Tobias Baumgartner
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Kathrin Doppler
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Katharina Eisenhut
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Martin Elisak
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Andre Franke
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Kristin S. Golombeck
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Robert Handreka
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Max Kaufmann
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Markus Kraemer
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Andrea Kraft
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Jan Lewerenz
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Wolfgang Lieb
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Marie Madlener
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Nico Melzer
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Hana Mojzisova
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Peter Möller
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Thomas Pfefferkorn
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Harald Prüss
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Kevin Rostásy
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Margret Schnegelsberg
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Ina Schröder
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Kai Siebenbrodt
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Kurt-Wolfram Sühs
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Jonathan Wickel
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Klaus-Peter Wandinger
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Frank Leypoldt
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Gregor Kuhlenbäumer
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Citation
Genome-wide Association Study Identifies 2 New Loci Associated With Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis
Anja K. Tietz, Klemens Angstwurm, Tobias Baumgartner, Kathrin Doppler, Katharina Eisenhut, Martin Elisak, Andre Franke, Kristin S. Golombeck, Robert Handreka, Max Kaufmann, Markus Kraemer, Andrea Kraft, Jan Lewerenz, Wolfgang Lieb, Marie Madlener, Nico Melzer, Hana Mojzisova, Peter Möller, Thomas Pfefferkorn, Harald Prüss, Kevin Rostásy, Margret Schnegelsberg, Ina Schröder, Kai Siebenbrodt, Kurt-Wolfram Sühs, Jonathan Wickel, Klaus-Peter Wandinger, Frank Leypoldt, Gregor Kuhlenbäumer, on behalf of the German Network for Research on Autoimmune Encephalitis (GENERATE)
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm Nov 2021, 8 (6) e1085; DOI: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000001085

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    Figure 1 Association Plots for Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis

    (A) Quantile-quantile plot of association analysis for 8,073,349 variants. The plot shows deviation from the null distribution in the upper tail, which corresponds to variants with the strongest evidence for association. (B) Manhattan plot of the association results. The plot shows −log10 marker-wise p values against their genomic base pair position. The red line indicates the genome-wide significance threshold of 5 × 10−8. (C) LocusZoom plot for the association between anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis and variants on chromosome 11 in the genomic region from 46.6 to 48.2 Mb. A circle represents a genotyped and a plus symbol an imputed variant. The r2 metric displays the pairwise LD between the leading and the respective variant. Gene positions are present in the bottom part. (D) LocusZoom plot for associations on chromosome 15 in the genomic region from 100.9 to 101.1 Mb.

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    Figure 2 Colocalization Results for Brain Tissues

    Gene- and SNP-wise results of the colocalization analysis for brain tissues represented in Genotype-Tissue Expression types. Only genes with a PP4 > 0.7 and variants with a p value < 10−5 are shown. ACP2 = acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal; GWAS = genome-wide association study; MADD = mitogen-activated protein kinase activating death domain; NR1H3 = nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3.

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    Figure 3 Colocalization Results for Immune Cells

    Gene- and SNP-wise results of the colocalization for immune cells represented in the BLUEPRINT data set. Only genes with a PP4 > 0.7 and variants with a p value < 10−5 are shown. ACP2 = acid phosphatase 2, lysosomal; C11orf49 = chromosome 11 open reading frame 49; DDB2 = damage-specific DNA binding protein 2; GWAS = genome-wide association study; NR1H3 = nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 3.

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