COVID-19 Severity in Multiple Sclerosis
Putting Data Into Context
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Article Information
- Received July 15, 2021
- Accepted in final form September 15, 2021
- First Published November 9, 2021.
Author Disclosures
- Maria Pia Sormani, PhD (mariapia.sormani{at}unige.it),
- Irene Schiavetti, PhD (irene.schiavetti{at}gmail.com),
- Luca Carmisciano, MD (lucacarmisciano{at}gmail.com),
- Cinzia Cordioli, MD (cinzia.cordioli{at}gmail.com),
- Massimo Filippi, MD (filippi.massimo{at}hsr.it),
- Marta Radaelli, MD (mradaelli{at}asst-pg23.it),
- Paolo Immovilli, MD (p.immovilli{at}ausl.pc.it),
- Marco Capobianco, MD (mcapobianco1972{at}gmail.com),
- Nicola De Rossi, MD (ncl.derossi{at}gmail.com),
- Giampaolo Brichetto, PhD (giampaolo.brichetto{at}aism.it),
- Eleonora Cocco, MD (ecocco{at}unica.it),
- Cinzia Scandellari, MD (cinzia.scandellari{at}ausl.bo.it),
- Paola Cavalla, MD (paola.cavalla{at}unito.it),
- Ilaria Pesci, MD (ilariap1972{at}gmail.com),
- Antonio Zito, MD (antonio.zito01{at}universitadipavia.it),
- Paolo Confalonieri, MD (paolo.confalonieri{at}istituto-besta.it),
- Girolama Alessandra Marfia, MD (marfia{at}uniroma2.it),
- Paola Perini, MD (dr.paola.perini{at}gmail.com),
- Matilde Inglese, MD (m.inglese{at}unige.it),
- Maria Trojano, MD (maria.trojano{at}uniba.it),
- Vincenzo Brescia Morra, PhD (vincenzo.bresciamorra2{at}unina.it),
- Gioacchino Tedeschi, MD (gioacchino.tedeschi{at}unicampania.it),
- Giancarlo Comi, MD (comi.giancarlo{at}hsr.it),
- Mario Alberto Battaglia, MD (m.a.battaglia{at}aism.it),
- Francesco Patti, MD (patti{at}unict.it),
- Marco Salvetti, MD;
- on behalf of the MuSC-19 Study Group
- Maria Pia Sormani, PhD (mariapia.sormani{at}unige.it),
Medday, Merck, Sanofi, Roche, Novartis, GeNeuro, Biogen, Celgene, Immunic
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Merck, Sanofi, Novartis, Biogen, Roche
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Merck, Biogen, Sanofi, Roche, Novartis, GeNeuro, Immunic, Celgene
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Biogen, Roche, Merck, Novartis
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- Irene Schiavetti, PhD (irene.schiavetti{at}gmail.com),
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- Luca Carmisciano, MD (lucacarmisciano{at}gmail.com),
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- Cinzia Cordioli, MD (cinzia.cordioli{at}gmail.com),
Advisory Board for Novartis, Biogen, Merck, Celgene
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speaking honoraria from Novartis, TEVA. Travel funding from Novartis and BiogenIdec.
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- Massimo Filippi, MD (filippi.massimo{at}hsr.it),
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Bayer, Biogen, Celgene, Eli Lilly, Genzyme, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi, Takeda, and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries
Editor-in-Chief (2012-present), Journal of Neurology; Associate Editor, Neurological Sciences (2016-present); Associate Editor, Human Brain Mapping (since 2020)
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Almiral, Alexion, Biogen, Merck-Serono, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi
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1) Commercial entity: Roche
1) Italian Ministry of Health; grant number: GR-2013- 02357415; role: co-investigator; duration: September 2016-December 2020 2) Italian Ministry of Health; grant number: RF-2018- 12366746; role: PI; duration: 15/06/2020 Â 14/06/2023
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1) Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla (FISM) 2) ARiSLA (Fondazione Italiana di Ricerca per la SLA)
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- Marta Radaelli, MD (mradaelli{at}asst-pg23.it),
I have partecipated in advisory board for Biogen, Merck Serono
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- Paolo Immovilli, MD (p.immovilli{at}ausl.pc.it),
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Commercial entity: roche, biogen, merck, novartis, teva, sanofi
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- Marco Capobianco, MD (mcapobianco1972{at}gmail.com),
Commercial entity: Biogen, Sanofi-Genzyme, Novartis, Bayer-Schering, TEVA, Almirall, Merck-Serono, Roche, Mylan
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Speaking honoraria from: Almirall, Biogen, Novartis, Sanofi-Genzyme, Roche, Merck-Serono, Teva
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- Nicola De Rossi, MD (ncl.derossi{at}gmail.com),
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Fee for lectures from Biogen, Merck Serono, Genzyme, Novartis and Sanofi-Aventis; received funding for travel from Teva, Biogen Idec, Sanofi-Genzyme, Roche, Almirall and Novartis
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- Giampaolo Brichetto, PhD (giampaolo.brichetto{at}aism.it),
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Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla
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- Eleonora Cocco, MD (ecocco{at}unica.it),
Dr Cocco serves on scientific advisory boards from Bayer, Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme, and Teva
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Dr Cocco has received no profit travel supports for congress participation by Bayer, Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme, and Teva
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Dr Cocco has received speaker fees for educational activities (no profit) with Bayer, Biogen, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme and Teva
E Cocco has received research grant support from the Italian MS Foundation (FISM), Regione Autonoma della Sardegna (RAS), Italian Ministry of university and rearch and Italian Ministry of foreign affairs
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2013, 2014, 2015 founding by Fondazione Banco di Sardegna Founded by Italian Multiple sclerosis foundation 2012/R3
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- Cinzia Scandellari, MD (cinzia.scandellari{at}ausl.bo.it),
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- Paola Cavalla, MD (paola.cavalla{at}unito.it),
(1) Merck-Serono (2) Sanofi-Genzyme (3) Roche (4) Biogen (5) Novartis
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(1) Speaker honoraria from Sanofi-Genzyme, Teva, Biogen, Novartis, Merck- Serono, Roche. (2) Travel support for participation/ speaking to scientific meetings from Biogen, Sanofi-Genzyme, Novartis, Merck-Serono, Teva, Roche.
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(1) Biogen (2) Sanofi-Genzyme (3) Merck-Serono (4) Roche
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- Ilaria Pesci, MD (ilariap1972{at}gmail.com),
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- Antonio Zito, MD (antonio.zito01{at}universitadipavia.it),
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- Paolo Confalonieri, MD (paolo.confalonieri{at}istituto-besta.it),
1) Novartis 2) Biogen
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1) Biogen for travel and registration to conference 2) Merk-Serono for travel and registration to concerence
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1) Novartis 2) Roche
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Fondazione Umberto Veronesi
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- Girolama Alessandra Marfia, MD (marfia{at}uniroma2.it),
Advisory Board Member of: (1) Biogen (2) Genzyme (3) Merck-Serono (4) Novartis (5) Teva
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Travel funding from the following commercial entities: (1) Almirall (2) Bayer Schering (3) Biogen Idec (4) Genzyme (5) Merck Serono (6) Novartis (7) Teva
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Consultation fees from (1) Almirall (2) Bayer Schering (3) Biogen Idec (4) Genzyme (5) Merck Serono (6) Novartis (7) Teva
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- Paola Perini, MD (dr.paola.perini{at}gmail.com),
Perini Paola has received speaker honoraria from Merck Serono, Biogen Idec, Roche and Novartis.
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- Matilde Inglese, MD (m.inglese{at}unige.it),
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Roche, Merck, Genzyme, Biogen
Multiple Sclerosis Journal
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Roche, Merck, Genzyme, Biogen
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Research grant from Teva Neuroscience
NIH R01 NS099527, NIH R01NS100811
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NIH, DOD, NMSS, FISM
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- Maria Trojano, MD (maria.trojano{at}uniba.it),
MT has served on scientific Advisory Boards for Biogen, Novartis, Merck, Almirall, Roche and Genzyme
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M.T. received honoraria for travel, consultancy or speaking from Biogen, Roche, Sanofi, Merck Serono, Teva,Genzyme, and Novartis
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M Trojano received research support for her Institution by Novartis, Biogen, Roche, and Merck
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- Vincenzo Brescia Morra, PhD (vincenzo.bresciamorra2{at}unina.it),
Received grants for scientific advisory boards from Biogen, Roche and Sanofi-Genzyme
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Received grants for travel and speaker honoraria from MerkSerono, Bayer, TEVA, Sanofi-Genzyme, Novartis, Biogen, Almirall
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- Gioacchino Tedeschi, MD (gioacchino.tedeschi{at}unicampania.it),
I serve on the scientific advisory board for TEVA, Roche, Lilly, Allergan
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I have received speaker honoraria from Sanofi-Aventis, Merck Serono, Bayer Schering Pharma, Novartis, Biogen- Dompe` AG; as weel as funding for travel from Bayer Schering Pharma, Biogen-Dompe` AG, Merck Serono, Novartis and Sanofi Aventis.
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- Giancarlo Comi, MD (comi.giancarlo{at}hsr.it),
Received personal fees from Novartis,Sanofi Genzyme, Genzyme Corporation, Genzyme Europe, Merck KGgA, Merck Serono SpA, Celgene Group, Biogen Idec, Biogen Italia Srl, F.Hoffman-La Roche, Roche SpA, Almirall SpA and MedEx
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Received personal fees from Novartis,Sanofi Genzyme, Genzyme Corporation, Genzyme Europe, Merck KGgA, Merck Serono SpA, Celgene Group, Biogen Idec, Biogen Italia Srl, F.Hoffman-La Roche, Roche SpA, Almirall SpA and MedEx
1) Neurological Sciences, associate editor, 2011-
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Received personal fees from Novartis,Sanofi Genzyme, Genzyme Corporation, Genzyme Europe, Merck KGgA, Merck Serono SpA, Celgene Group, Biogen Idec, Biogen Italia Srl, F.Hoffman-La Roche, Roche SpA, Almirall SpA and MedEx
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- Mario Alberto Battaglia, MD (m.a.battaglia{at}aism.it),
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- Francesco Patti, MD (patti{at}unict.it),
I served as advisory board member in the following companies: Almirall, Bayer, Biogen, Bristol Meyers Squibb, Celgene, Merck, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi and TEVA I received unconditioned research grant by Biogen and Merck I received research grant by RELOAD Onlus Association, and FISM I received research grants by University of Catania
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I received speaker honoraria from Almirall and Bayer in 2014, and 2015, and 2016, from Novartis in 2013, 2014 and 2015,2016 from TEVA in 2013, 2014 and 2015, 208, 2019 from Biogen in 2013, 2014 and 2015, 2016, 2017, 2019 and 2020 I received speaking honoraria from Roche in 2018 and 2019 and from Sanofi in 2017, 2018 and 2019
I serve BMC Neurology as Senior Editor; I serve Multiple Sclerosis Hindawi as associate editor; I serve Frontiers in Neurology as associate editor; I serve Neurology and Therapy as Associate editor
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I received personal compensation from: Almirall, Bayer, Biogen, Merck Serono, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Genzyme, TEVA
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Grant from University of Catania (2007-2008-2009-2010- 2011, 2015, 2017, 2018, 2020)
Grant from FISM (2010, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020)
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- Marco Salvetti, MD;
Biogen Merck Novartis Sanofi Teva Italian MS Society International Progressive MS Alliance
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(1)Research support from Sanofi Aventis, Biogen, Bayer Schering, Merck Serono, Teva (2)Research support from the Italian Multiple Sclerosis Foundation (FISM).
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1. arsenical C-glycosydes in the therapy of cancer 2. Epstein Barr virus genotypes as biomarkers for multiple sclerosis
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Receive consulting fees from Merck-Serono (2007).
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Sanofi Aventis, Biogen, Bayer Schering, Merck Serono, Teva
Italian Ministry of Health
Sapienza University of Rome
Italian Multiple Sclerosis Foundation (FISM)
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- on behalf of the MuSC-19 Study Group
- From the Department of Health Sciences (M.P.S., I.S., L.C.), University of Genova; IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino (M.P.S., M.I.), Genoa; Centro Sclerosi Multipla ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia (C.C., N.D.R.), Montichiari; Neurology Unit (M.F.), Neurorehabilitation Unit (M.F.), and Neurophysiology Unit (M.F.), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan; Neuroimaging Research Unit (M.F.), Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan; Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (M.F.), Milan; Department of Neurology and Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R.), ASST “Papa Giovanni XXIII”, Bergamo; Multiple Sclerosis Center (P.I.), Ospedale Guglielmo da Saliceto, Piacenza; Regional Referral Multiple Sclerosis Centre (M.C.), Department of Neurology, University Hospital San Luigi, Orbassano, Torino; AISM Rehabilitation Center (G.B.), Italian MS Society, Genoa; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (E.C.), ATS Sardegna; Dipartimento Scienze Mediche e Sanità Pubblica (E.C.), Università di Cagliari; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna (C.S.), UOSI Riabilitazione Sclerosi Multipla; MS Center (P. Cavalla), Department of Neuroscience, City of Health and Science University Hospital of Turin; Centro SM UOC Neurologia (I. Pesci), Fidenza, AUSL PR; Multiple Sclerosis Research Center (A.Z.), IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia; Multiple Sclerosis Centre (P. Confalonieri), Neuroimmunology Department—“Carlo Besta” Neurological Institute, Milan; Multiple Sclerosis Clinical and Research Unit (G.A.M.), Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome; Department of Neurology Multiple Sclerosis Center (P.P.), University of Padua; Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI) (M.I.), University of Genoa; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs (M.T.), University of Bari; Federico II University of Naples (V.B.M.); Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (G.T.), University of Campania, Napoli; Università Vita Salute San Raffaele (G.C.), Casa di Cura Privata Del Policlinico, Milan; Research Department (M.A.B.), Italian Multiple Sclerosis Foundation, Genoa; Department of Life Sciences (M.A.B.), University of Siena; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies (F.P.), GF Ingrassia, University of Catania; Centro Sclerosi Multipla (F.P.), Policlinico Catania, University of Catania; Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (M.S.), Sapienza University of Rome; and Unit of Neurology (M.S.), IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy.
- Correspondence
Dr. Salvetti marco.salvetti{at}uniroma1.it
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