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March 2022; 9 (2) Views & ReviewsOpen Access

Leveraging Visual Outcome Measures to Advance Therapy Development in Neuroimmunologic Disorders

Jennifer S. Graves, Frederike Cosima Oertel, Anneke Van der Walt, Sara Collorone, Elias S. Sotirchos, Gorm Pihl-Jensen, Philipp Albrecht, E. Ann Yeh, Shiv Saidha, Jette Frederiksen, Scott Douglas Newsome, Friedemann Paul, on behalf of IMSVISUAL
First published December 26, 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000001126
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Article Information

vol. 9 no. 2 e1126
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000001126
PubMed: 
34955459
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Online ISSN: 
2332-7812
History: 
  • Received February 15, 2021
  • Accepted in final form November 4, 2021
  • First Published December 26, 2021.
Copyright & Usage: 
Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), which permits downloading and sharing the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

Author Disclosures

    1. Jennifer S. Graves, MD, PhD, MAS,
    2. Frederike Cosima Oertel, MD,
    3. Anneke Van der Walt, MBChB, PhD,
    4. Sara Collorone, MD, PhD,
    5. Elias S. Sotirchos, MD,
    6. Gorm Pihl-Jensen, PhD,
    7. Philipp Albrecht, MD,
    8. E. Ann Yeh, MD,
    9. Shiv Saidha, MBBCh, MD, MRCPI,
    10. Jette Frederiksen, MD,
    11. Scott Douglas Newsome, DO,
    12. Friedemann Paul, MD;
    13. on behalf of IMSVISUAL
  1. Jennifer S. Graves, MD, PhD, MAS,
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Novartis, Genentech, Bayer

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Assistant editor for Neurology 2020-2021 Associate editor for ACTN 2019-2021

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. Alexion, BMS

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. 1) Octave 2) Biogen 3) EMD Serono

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. 1) National MS Society

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Frederike Cosima Oertel, MD,
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. American Academy of Neurology (AAN) National Multiple Sclerosis Society (US) Deutsche Gesellschaft für Neurologie (DGN)

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Anneke Van der Walt, MBChB, PhD,
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Alexion scientific advisory board (2) Novartis scientific advisory board (3) NervGen scientific advisory board (4) Biogen scientific advisory board (5) Roche scientific advisory board

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1) Biogen Idec, Roche, Merck, Novartis Australia - travel support and speaker's honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other activities:

    1. (1) Employed as the Chief Operating Officer of the MSBase Foundation.

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1)Biogen Idec;Novartis Australia, Roche

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) NHMRC Investigator Grant no 1196380:2021-2026; (2) Trish Grant 19-0665,2020-2022, CIA (3) MSRA Project Grant ANZAN MSNI COVID-19 Registry, 2020, CIA (4) NHMRC Project Grant 1142353, 2018-2021, CIB

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. Sara Collorone, MD, PhD,
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) Rosetrees Trust (MS632) (2) Rosetrees Trust (183425)

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. Elias S. Sotirchos, MD,
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Speaker honoraria: 1) Viela Bio 2) Biogen

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. National Institutes of Health (NIH) K23NS117883

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. 1) National MS Society (NMSS) FP-1607-24999 2) National MS Society (NMSS) TA-1904-33834

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Gorm Pihl-Jensen, PhD,
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. Philipp Albrecht, MD,
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Novartis, serving on an advisory board; (2) Biogen, serving on an advisory board; (3) Ipsen, serving on an advisory board; (4) Merck, serving on an advisory board; (5) Merz, serving on an advisory board; (6) Roche, serving on an advisory board; (7) Allergan, serving on an advisory board; (8) Celgene, serving on an advisory board; (9) Janssen Cilag, serving on an advisory board;

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1) Novartis, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses and speaker honoraria; (2)Teva, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses and speaker honoraria; (3) Biogen, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses and speaker honoraria; (4) Merz Pharmaceuticals, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses, (5) Ipsen, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses; (6) Esai, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses; (7) Glaxo Smith Kline, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses; (8) Bayer Healthcare, speaker honoraria, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses; (9) Allergan, speaker honoraria, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses; (10) Celgene, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses; (11) (9) Merck, speaker honoraria, travel/accommodation/meeting expenses; (12) Bristol Meyers Squibb

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1) BMC Neuroscience, associate editor (2) Frontiers in Neurology, associate editor (3) Journal of Clinical Medicine, associate editor (4) Frontiers in Immunology, associate editor

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Biogen (2) Novartis (3) Merz Pharmaceuticals (4) Ipsen (5) Roche (6) Allergan (7) Celgene

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. European Fund For Regional Development (EFRE.NRW)

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) Doktor Robert Pfleger Stiftung (2) Iselore Luckow Stiftung (3) Europäischer Fonds für Forschung und Regionale Entwicklung (EFRE)

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  8. E. Ann Yeh, MD,
    9. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. I perform MS relapse adjudication for ACI services on a fee-for-service basis. Juno therapeutics scientific advisory board 2017 Biogen, scientific advisory board 2019

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Neurology, editorial advisory board, 2013-present. MSJ editorial board 2016-present BMC Neurology editorial board 2016-present PLOS-One: Editorial board, 2018-present MSARD: Editorial Board 2019-present, co-chief editor 2021- present

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Biogen, funding for investigator-initiated research.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. 1) CIHR, Co-I. PI: Pohl 2) PCORI, Co-I, CE-1304-7079 3) CMSMS (CIHI/PHAC), MS Monitoring system pilot funding 4)SCN: co-PI, 2015-present 5)OIRM, co-PI, 2015-present, PI, 2019-present

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. 1) National MS Society HC 0148 2) National MS Society PP2256 3) MS Society (Canada) 4) Dairy Farmers of Ontario 5) SickKids Innovation Fund 6) MS Research Foundation (Canada) 7) Rare Diseases Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  9. Shiv Saidha, MBBCh, MD, MRCPI,
    10. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Dr. Saidha has served on scientific advisory boards for Biogen, Bristol Myers Squibb, and Genentech.

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. I am a member of the editorial board of Multiple Sclerosis Journal and editor of Multiple Sclerosis Journal Experimental, Translational and Clinical

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Consulting fees from Medical Logix for the development of CME programs in neurology, and has received equity compensation for consulting from JuneBrain LLC, a retinal imaging device developer. Have also consulted for Carl Zeiss Meditec.

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Dr. Saidha is the PI of investigator-initiated studies funded by Genentech Corporation and Biogen, and was also the site investigator of a trial sponsored by MedDay Pharmaceuticals.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Dr. Saidha receives research funding from the National MS Society

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  10. Jette Frederiksen, MD,
    11. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Novartis' Danish advisory board Merck' Danish advisory board

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  11. Scott Douglas Newsome, DO,
    12. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Biogen Idec, scientific advisory board Genentech, scientific advisory board EMD Serono, scientific advisory board Bristol Myers Squibb, scientific advisory board Greenwich Biosciences, scientific advisory board Novartis, scientific advisory board Horizon Therapeutics, scientific advisory board medDay Pharmaceuticals, clinical adjudication committee member for a clinical trial

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Autobahn BioIncept

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other activities:

    1. study lead PI for a Roche clinical trial

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Biogen Idec; research support payed directly to my institution and not relevant to the submitted manuscript Genentech; research support payed directly to my institution and not relevant to the submitted manuscript Roche; research support payed directly to my institution and not relevant to the submitted manuscript

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. National Multiple Sclerosis Society Department of Defense Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  12. Friedemann Paul, MD;
    13. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Novartis OCTIMS study steering committee MedImmune / Viela Bio steering committee

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. speaker honoraria and travel grants from Bayer, Novartis, Biogen Idec, Teva, Sanofi-Aventis / Genzyme, and Merck Serono, Alexion, Chugai, MedImmune, Shire, Roche, Actelion, Celgene

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Academic Editor, PLoS ONE Associate Editor, Neurology Neuroimmunology and Neuroinflammation

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. consultancies for SanofiGenzyme, BiogenIdec, MedImmune, Shire, Alexion

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Research support from from Bayer, Novartis, Biogen Idec, Teva, Sanofi-Aventis / Genzyme, Alexion and Merck Serono

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. German Research Council (DFG Exc 257), Werth Stiftung of the City of Cologne, German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF Competence Network Multiple Sclerosis), Arthur Arnstein Stiftung Berlin, EU FP7 Framework Program (combims.eu)

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Arthur Arnstein Foundation Berlin, Guthy Jackson Charitable Foundation, National Multiple Sclerosis Society of the USA

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  13. on behalf of IMSVISUAL
    1. Department of Neurosciences (J.S.G.), University of California, San Diego; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (F.C.O., F.P.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin & NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of neuroscience (A.V.D.W.), Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; NMR Research Unit, Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation (S.C.), UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.S.S., S.S., S.D.N.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Rigshospitalet (J.F.), Denmark; Department of Neurology (P.A.), Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Germany; Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics (E.A.Y.), Division of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Hospital for Sick Children, Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
    1. Correspondence
      Dr. Graves jgraves{at}ucsd.edu
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