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March 2022; 9 (2) ArticleOpen Access

Cortical and Subcortical Dysmetabolism Are Dynamic Markers of Clinical Disability and Course in Anti-LGI1 Encephalitis

Eero Rissanen, Kelsey Carter, Steven Cicero, John Ficke, Marie Kijewski, Mi-Ae Park, Joseph Kijewski, Emily Stern, Tanuja Chitnis, David Silbersweig, Howard L. Weiner, Chun K. Kim, Jennifer Lyons, Joshua P. Klein, Shamik Bhattacharyya, Tarun Singhal
First published January 28, 2022, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000001136
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Article Information

vol. 9 no. 2 e1136
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000001136
PubMed: 
35091466
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Online ISSN: 
2332-7812
History: 
  • Received June 29, 2021
  • Accepted in final form December 14, 2021
  • First Published January 28, 2022.
Copyright & Usage: 
Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), which permits downloading and sharing the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

Author Disclosures

    1. Eero Rissanen, MD, PhD (erissanen{at}bwh.harvard.edu),
    2. Kelsey Carter, MSN, CNP (koconnor25{at}bwh.harvard.edu),
    3. Steven Cicero, BS (scicero{at}bwh.harvard.edu),
    4. John Ficke, BA (jhficke{at}gmail.com),
    5. Marie Kijewski, DSc (mkijewski{at}bwh.harvard.edu),
    6. Mi-Ae Park, PhD (miaepark{at}gmail.com),
    7. Joseph Kijewski, BS (joseph_kijewski{at}alumni.brown.edu),
    8. Emily Stern, MD (estern{at}ceretype.com),
    9. Tanuja Chitnis, MD (tchitnis{at}rics.bwh.harvard.edu),
    10. David Silbersweig, MD (dsilbersweig{at}bwh.harvard.edu),
    11. Howard L. Weiner, MD (hweiner{at}rics.bwh.harvard.edu),
    12. Chun K. Kim, MD (kimchun{at}gmail.com),
    13. Jennifer Lyons, MD (jennifer.lee.lyons{at}gmail.com),
    14. Joshua P. Klein, MD, PhD (jpklein{at}partners.org),
    15. Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, MS (sbhattacharyya3{at}bwh.harvard.edu) and
    16. Tarun Singhal, MD, MBBS
  1. Eero Rissanen, MD, PhD (erissanen{at}bwh.harvard.edu),
    2. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) Sigrid Jusélius Foundation, Fellowship Grant.

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  2. Kelsey Carter, MSN, CNP (koconnor25{at}bwh.harvard.edu),
    3. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  3. Steven Cicero, BS (scicero{at}bwh.harvard.edu),
    4. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  4. John Ficke, BA (jhficke{at}gmail.com),
    5. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  5. Marie Kijewski, DSc (mkijewski{at}bwh.harvard.edu),
    6. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. 1. NIH, 1R01HL150342, co-investigator, 2020-2021 2. NIH, 1R01EB030470, co-investigator, 2021 3. NIH, 5R01HL132021, co-investigator, 2019-2020 4. NIH, 5R01HL130563, co-investigator, 2019-2021

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  6. Mi-Ae Park, PhD (miaepark{at}gmail.com),
    7. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  7. Joseph Kijewski, BS (joseph_kijewski{at}alumni.brown.edu),
    8. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  8. Emily Stern, MD (estern{at}ceretype.com),
    9. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1)Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital- TBI Model Systems SAB (non-profit) Husband:(2) American Foundation for suicide prevention (non-profit); (3)Brain behavior foundation (non-profit)

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. Husband: (1) Speaker at American Neuropsychiatric Association Annual Meeting;(2) Speaker at Tufts Grand Rounds

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1)Journal of Neuroimaging, Editorial Board. (2015-present) Husband: (2) Consulting editor, Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences (3) Editorial Board, Harvard Review of Psychiatry

    Patents:

    1. (1)System and Method for z-Shim Compensated Echo-Planar Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Systems (issued) (2)System and Methods for Generating Biomarkers Based on Multivariate Classification of Functional Imaging and Associated Data (issued) (3)System and Method for a Multivariate, Automated, Systematic and/or Hierarchical Searching System for Biosignature Extraction and Biomarker Discovery via task- based fMRI Imaging spacetime data (pending) (4)PhyNFI: System and Method for Physiological-Noise-Free Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (pending) [All of the above (1-4) apply to both Dr. Stern and her husband, Dr. Silbersweig]

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. Husband only: (1) Depression in Medical Illness textbook, McGraw Hill 2017 (2)Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology, McGraw-Hill, 2021

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. (1) Ceretype Neuromedicine Inc.(2020-present),CEO,unrelated

    Consultancies:

    1. Husband only: (1) Goldfinch (2) Tilak

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other activities:

    1. (1) CEO and co-founder of Ceretype Neuromedicine, Inc.,unrelated to manuscript Husband: (2) Co-founder, Ceretype Neuromedicine, Inc., unrelated to manuscript.

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. (1) Founders shares for Ceretype Neuromedicine, Inc., unrelated. Husband: (2)Founders shares for Ceretype Neuromedicine, Inc., unrelated; (3)Founders shares in Buoyant Health, no current assets,unrelated

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  9. Tanuja Chitnis, MD (tchitnis{at}rics.bwh.harvard.edu),
    10. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Dr. Chitnis has served on clinical trial advisory boards for Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Roche-Genentech and Sanofi-Genzyme.

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Dr. Chitnis has served as a one-time consultant for Biogen, Genentech-Roche, Novartis and Sanofi-Genzyme

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Dr. Chitnis receives research support from (1) Sanofi-Genzyme (2) Novartis in the form of Independent Investigator Awards.

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NIH, Department of Defense

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. Dr. Chitnis has received research support from the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, the Peabody Foundation, the Sumaira Foundation and the Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation.

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  10. David Silbersweig, MD (dsilbersweig{at}bwh.harvard.edu),
    11. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. american foundation for suicide prevention (non-profit) brain behavior foundation (non-profit)

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. speaker at American Neuropsychiatric Association annual meeting; speaker at Tufts grand rounds

    Editorial Boards:

    1. Consulting editor, Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences Editorial Board, Harvard Review of Psychiatry

    Patents:

    1. (1) System and Method for z-Shim Compensated Echo- Planar Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Systems (issued) (2) System and Methods for Generating Biomarkers Based on Multivariate Classification of Functional Imaging and Associated Data (issued) (3) System and Method for a Multivariate, Automated, Systematic and/or Hierarchical Searching System for Biosignature Extraction and Biomarker Discovery via task- based fMRI Imaging spacetime data (pending) (4) PhyNFI: System and Method for Physiological-Noise- Free Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (pending). [All of the above 1-4 apply to both Dr. Silbersweig and his wife, Dr. Stern]

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. Depression in Medical Illness textbook, McGraw-Hill, 2017 Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology, McGraw-Hill, 2021

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Goldfinch Tilak

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other activities:

    1. founder of a start-up company, not yet with any assets, not related to paper

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. wife: contract with blackthorn therapeutics, not related to topic

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. wife:(1) DHSS Administration for Community Living, formerly the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR: 90DP0039-03-01) Co-PI; PI, BWH Site, (10/1/12- 9/30/18) (2) NIH (NIMH: R01MH110797) Co-investigator, (7/1/17 – 3/1/19)

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. wife: Baylor college of medicine

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. wife: epilepsy foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. founders shares in Ceretype Neuromedicine, Inc.,unrelated: founders shares in Buoyant, no current assets, unrelated

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  11. Howard L. Weiner, MD (hweiner{at}rics.bwh.harvard.edu),
    12. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. I-Mab Biopharma Weston Foundation

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. Tiziana Life Sciences vTv Therapeutics

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. Genzyme Corp Genentech, Inc. Verily Life Sciences LLC

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NIH R01 NS115951 - PI - 01/15/21 – 12/31/25 RF1 AG065270 - PI - 09/30/20 – 08/31/24 R21 AG063187 - PI - 03/01/20 – 02/28/22 R01 EY027921 - PI - 09/01/17 – 12/31/20

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. National Multiple Sclerosis Society Cure Alzheimer’s Fund Foundation for Neurologic Diseases

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. vTv Therapeutics

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  12. Chun K. Kim, MD (kimchun{at}gmail.com),
    13. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  13. Jennifer Lyons, MD (jennifer.lee.lyons{at}gmail.com),
    14. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. Biogen, Senior Medical Director, 3 years

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. Expert witness for defense, 2018

  14. Joshua P. Klein, MD, PhD (jpklein{at}partners.org),
    15. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. NONE

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. (1) Dr. Klein receives compensation from SAGE Publishers for serving as Editor in Chief of "The Neurohospitalist" journal. (2) Dr. Klein receives compensation from Oakstone Publishers for serving as Chair of a "Hospital Medicine CME" course. (3) Dr. Klein receives compensation from Audio Digest Foundation for serving as Chair of a "Neurology Board Review" course.

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. (1) Dr. Klein receives royalties from McGraw-Hill for serving as co-author of the textbook "Adams and Victor’s Principles of Neurology", 10th and 11th editions.

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. NONE

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. (1) As compensation for serving on their Scientific Advisory Board, Dr. Klein owns equity in the company Aladdin, Inc.

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  15. Shamik Bhattacharyya, MD, MS (sbhattacharyya3{at}bwh.harvard.edu) and
    16. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. Commercial: Alexion Pharmaceuticals

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for Travel or Speaker Honoraria:

    1. NONE

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. 1. UpToDate for Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of vasculitic neuropathies, Treatment and prognosis of nonsystemic vasculitic neuropathy, and Neurologic manifestations of Sjögren's syndrome 2. American Academy of Neurology for Spondylotic and Other Structural Myelopathies in Continuum

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. (1) Teladoc Health, Inc, second opinion consultation

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Alexion Pharmaceuticals

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  16. Tarun Singhal, MD, MBBS
    17. Scientific Advisory Boards:

    1. (1) Served on a scientific advisory board for Novartis pharmaceuticals

    Gifts:

    1. NONE

    Funding for travel or speaker honoraria:

    1. (1) University Neurology Inc. (Non-profit entity), speaker honoraria

    Editorial Boards:

    1. NONE

    Patents:

    1. NONE

    Publishing Royalties:

    1. NONE

    Employment, Commercial Entity:

    1. NONE

    Consultancies:

    1. (1) University Neurology Inc. (Non-profit entity)

    Speakers' Bureaus:

    1. NONE

    Other Activities:

    1. NONE

    Clinical Procedures or Imaging Studies:

    1. NONE

    Research Support, Commercial Entities:

    1. (1) Sanofi Genzyme (2) Novartis Pharmaceuticals

    Research Support, Government Entities:

    1. (1) Department of Defense CMDRP Award# MS180131

    Research Support, Academic Entities:

    1. (1) Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases (2) Harvard NeuroDiscovery Center

    Research Support, Foundations and Societies:

    1. (1) National Multiple Sclerosis Society (2) Race to Erase MS Foundation (3) Water Cove Charitable Foundation

    Stock/Stock Options/Board of Directors Compensation:

    1. NONE

    License Fee Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Royalty Payments, Technology or Inventions:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Research Sponsor:

    1. NONE

    Stock/Stock Options, Medical Equipment & Materials:

    1. NONE

    Legal Proceedings:

    1. NONE

  1. From the PET Imaging Program in Neurologic Diseases (E.R., K.C., S.C., J.F., T.S.) and Brigham Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.R., T.C., H.L.W., S.B., T.S.), Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (M.K.), Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Medical Physics Section (M.-A.P.), Radiology Department, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX; Department of Neurology (J.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA; Ceretype Neuromedicine (E.S.), Cambridge, MA; Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory (D.S.), Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Nuclear Medicine (C.K.K.), Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Biogen Inc. (J.L.), Cambridge, MA; and Department of Neurology (J.P.K.), Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Singhal tsinghal{at}bwh.harvard.edu
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