May 2022; 9 (3) Research ArticleOpen Access
Diabetes Mellitus Is a Possible Risk Factor for Nodo-paranodopathy With Antiparanodal Autoantibodies
View ORCID ProfileLuise Appeltshauser, Julia Messinger, Katharina Starz, David Heinrich, Anna-Michelle Brunder, Helena Stengel, Bianca Fiebig, Ilya Ayzenberg, View ORCID ProfileFrank Birklein, Christian Dresel, Johannes Dorst, Florian Dvorak, Alexander Grimm, Alexander Joerk, Frank Leypoldt, Mathias Mäurer, Patrick Merl, View ORCID ProfileSebastian Michels, Kalliopi Pitarokoili, Mathias Rosenfeldt, Anne-Dorte Sperfeld, Marc Weihrauch, Gabriel Simon Welte, View ORCID ProfileClaudia Sommer, View ORCID ProfileKathrin Doppler
First published March 21, 2022, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000001163
Luise Appeltshauser
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Julia Messinger
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Katharina Starz
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
David Heinrich
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Anna-Michelle Brunder
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Helena Stengel
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Bianca Fiebig
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Ilya Ayzenberg
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Frank Birklein
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Christian Dresel
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Johannes Dorst
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Florian Dvorak
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Alexander Grimm
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Alexander Joerk
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Frank Leypoldt
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Mathias Mäurer
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Patrick Merl
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Sebastian Michels
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Kalliopi Pitarokoili
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Mathias Rosenfeldt
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Anne-Dorte Sperfeld
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Marc Weihrauch
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Gabriel Simon Welte
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Claudia Sommer
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Kathrin Doppler
From the Department of Neurology (L.A., J.M., K.S., D.H., A.-M.B., H.S., B.F., C.S., K.D.), University Hospital of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (I.A., K.P.), St. Josef Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University of Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Russia; Department of Neurology (F.B., C.D.), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz; Department of Neurology (J.D., S.M.), University Hospital Ulm; German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) (J.D.), Ulm; Department of Neurologic Rehabilitation (F.D.), Asklepios Schloßberg-Klinik, Bad König; Department of Neurology (A.G.), Tübingen University Hospital; Hans Berger Department of Neurology (A.J.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunology Section (F.L.), Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel/Lübeck; Department of Neurology (F.L.), Kiel University; Department of Neurology (M.M.), Klinikum Würzburg Mitte gGmbH, Standort Juliusspital; Department of Neurology (P.M.), LVR-Klinik, Bonn; Department of Pathology (M.R.), Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (A.-D.S.), Sächsisches Krankenhaus Altscherbitz, Schkeuditz; Department of Neurology (M.W.), Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm; and Department of Neurology (G.S.W.), KRH Klinikum Nordstadt, Hannover, Germany.
Diabetes Mellitus Is a Possible Risk Factor for Nodo-paranodopathy With Antiparanodal Autoantibodies
Luise Appeltshauser, Julia Messinger, Katharina Starz, David Heinrich, Anna-Michelle Brunder, Helena Stengel, Bianca Fiebig, Ilya Ayzenberg, Frank Birklein, Christian Dresel, Johannes Dorst, Florian Dvorak, Alexander Grimm, Alexander Joerk, Frank Leypoldt, Mathias Mäurer, Patrick Merl, Sebastian Michels, Kalliopi Pitarokoili, Mathias Rosenfeldt, Anne-Dorte Sperfeld, Marc Weihrauch, Gabriel Simon Welte, Claudia Sommer, Kathrin Doppler
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm May 2022, 9 (3) e1163; DOI: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000001163
Citation Manager Formats
Make Comment
See Comments
Downloads
598
Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure Frequency of DM and Immunofluorescence Stainings on Pancreatic Tissue
(A) Frequency of diabetes mellitus is significantly elevated in patients seropositive for antiparanodal antibodies (33.3%) compared with seronegative patients (14.1%, p = 0.014) and with the general German population (9.9%, p < 0.001), especially in anti–contactin-1-seropositive patients (58.3% vs 14.1% in seronegative, p < 0.001 and 9.9% in the German population, p < 0.001). Significance levels are marked with asterisks: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. (B) In seropositive patients not having received corticosteroid treatment within the last 28 days and who were therapy naive to rituximab, HbA1c levels (y-axis, %) were determined in 14 patients at the time point of serum withdrawal and correlated significantly with the autoantibody titer, displayed on a logarithmic scale (r = 0.58, p = 0.029). (C.a–l) Photomicrographs show human pancreatic normal tissue sections with nucleus staining (DAPI) shown in blue (C.a, C.d, C.g, and C.j) and double staining with synaptophysin as marker for the islets of Langerhans (displayed in green, C.b, C.e, C.h, and C.k) and serum or antiparanodal antibodies (displayed in magenta, C.c, C.f, C.i, and C.l). Serum of a patient with CIDP and DM type 1 with GAD antibodies binds to β cells in pancreatic islets of Langerhans (C.a–c), whereas serum of a patient with anti–contactin-1 antibodies (C.d–f) and commercial goat anti–contactin-1 (C.g–i) and commercial chicken anti–pan-neurofascin (C.j–l) do not show any binding. Photomicrographs of binding of the other patients' sera or commercial antibodies tested in the assay are not shown. Scale bar = 10 μm. CNTN = contactin-1; DAPI = 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DM = diabetes mellitus; HbA1c = hemoglobin A1C.
Tables
Letters: Rapid online correspondence
No comments have been published for this article.
REQUIREMENTS
You must ensure that your Disclosures have been updated within the previous six months. Please go to our Submission Site to add or update your Disclosure information.
Your co-authors must send a completed Publishing Agreement Form to Neurology Staff (not necessary for the lead/corresponding author as the form below will suffice) before you upload your comment.
If you are responding to a comment that was written about an article you originally authored:
You (and co-authors) do not need to fill out forms or check disclosures as author forms are still valid
and apply to letter.
Submission specifications:
- Submissions must be < 200 words with < 5 references. Reference 1 must be the article on which you are commenting.
- Submissions should not have more than 5 authors. (Exception: original author replies can include all original authors of the article)
- Submit only on articles published within 6 months of issue date.
- Do not be redundant. Read any comments already posted on the article prior to submission.
- Submitted comments are subject to editing and editor review prior to posting.
You May Also be Interested in
Advertisement
Related Articles
- No related articles found.