July 2022; 9 (4) Clinical/Scientific NoteOpen Access
Longitudinal T-Cell Responses After a Third SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis on Ocrelizumab or Fingolimod
Virginia Palomares Cabeza, Laura Y.L. Kummer, View ORCID ProfileLuuk Wieske, Ruth R. Hagen, Mariel Duurland, Veronique A.L. Konijn, Koos P.J. van Dam, Eileen W. Stalman, View ORCID ProfileCarolien E. van de Sandt, Laura Boekel, Niels J.M. Verstegen, Maurice Steenhuis, View ORCID ProfileTheo Rispens, Sander W. Tas, View ORCID ProfileGertjan Wolbink, Joep Killestein, View ORCID ProfileTaco W. Kuijpers, S. Marieke van Ham, Filip Eftimov, View ORCID ProfileAnja ten Brinke, Zoé L.E. van Kempen
First published May 6, 2022, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000001178
Virginia Palomares Cabeza
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Laura Y.L. Kummer
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Luuk Wieske
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Ruth R. Hagen
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Mariel Duurland
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Veronique A.L. Konijn
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Koos P.J. van Dam
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Eileen W. Stalman
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Carolien E. van de Sandt
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Laura Boekel
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Niels J.M. Verstegen
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Maurice Steenhuis
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Theo Rispens
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Sander W. Tas
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Gertjan Wolbink
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Joep Killestein
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Taco W. Kuijpers
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
S. Marieke van Ham
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Filip Eftimov
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Anja ten Brinke
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Zoé L.E. van Kempen
From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Longitudinal T-Cell Responses After a Third SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis on Ocrelizumab or Fingolimod
Virginia Palomares Cabeza, Laura Y.L. Kummer, Luuk Wieske, Ruth R. Hagen, Mariel Duurland, Veronique A.L. Konijn, Koos P.J. van Dam, Eileen W. Stalman, Carolien E. van de Sandt, Laura Boekel, Niels J.M. Verstegen, Maurice Steenhuis, Theo Rispens, Sander W. Tas, Gertjan Wolbink, Joep Killestein, Taco W. Kuijpers, S. Marieke van Ham, Filip Eftimov, Anja ten Brinke, Zoé L.E. van Kempen
Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm Jul 2022, 9 (4) e1178; DOI: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000001178
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vol. 9 no. 4 e1178
PubMed:
Online ISSN:
History:
- Received January 18, 2022
- Accepted in final form March 30, 2022
- First Published May 6, 2022.
Copyright & Usage:
Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), which permits downloading and sharing the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.
Author Disclosures
- Virginia Palomares Cabeza, MSc* (v.palomarescabeza{at}sanquin.nl),
- Laura Y.L. Kummer, MD*,
- Luuk Wieske, PhD (l.wieske{at}amsterdamumc.nl),
- Ruth R. Hagen, BSc (ruthhagen228{at}gmail.com),
- Mariel Duurland, BSc (m.duurland{at}sanquin.nl),
- Veronique A.L. Konijn, MSc (v.konijn{at}sanquin.nl),
- Koos P.J. van Dam, MD (p.j.vandam{at}amsterdamumc.nl),
- Eileen W. Stalman, MD (e.w.stalman{at}amsterdamumc.nl),
- Carolien E. van de Sandt, PhD (cvandesandt{at}unimelb.edu.au),
- Laura Boekel, BSc (l.boekel{at}reade.nl),
- Niels J.M. Verstegen, MSc (n.verstegen{at}sanquin.nl),
- Maurice Steenhuis, PhD (m.steenhuis{at}sanquin.nl),
- Theo Rispens, PhD (t.rispens{at}sanquin.nl),
- Sander W. Tas, PhD (s.w.tas{at}amsterdamumc.nl),
- Gertjan Wolbink, PhD (wolbink{at}gmail.com),
- Joep Killestein, PhD (j.killestein{at}amsterdamumc.nl),
- Taco W. Kuijpers, PhD (t.w.kuijpers{at}amsterdamumc.nl),
- S. Marieke van Ham, PhD (m.vanham{at}sanquin.nl),
- Filip Eftimov, PhD (f.eftimov{at}amsterdamumc.nl),
- Anja ten Brinke, PhD† (a.tenbrinke{at}sanquin.nl) and
- Zoé L.E. van Kempen, PhD† (z.vankempen{at}amsterdamumc.nl)
- on behalf of the Target-to-B! (T2B!) SARS-CoV-2 study group
- Virginia Palomares Cabeza, MSc* (v.palomarescabeza{at}sanquin.nl),
- Laura Y.L. Kummer, MD*,
- Luuk Wieske, PhD (l.wieske{at}amsterdamumc.nl),
- Ruth R. Hagen, BSc (ruthhagen228{at}gmail.com),
- Mariel Duurland, BSc (m.duurland{at}sanquin.nl),
- Veronique A.L. Konijn, MSc (v.konijn{at}sanquin.nl),
- Koos P.J. van Dam, MD (p.j.vandam{at}amsterdamumc.nl),
- Eileen W. Stalman, MD (e.w.stalman{at}amsterdamumc.nl),
- Carolien E. van de Sandt, PhD (cvandesandt{at}unimelb.edu.au),
- Laura Boekel, BSc (l.boekel{at}reade.nl),
- Niels J.M. Verstegen, MSc (n.verstegen{at}sanquin.nl),
- Maurice Steenhuis, PhD (m.steenhuis{at}sanquin.nl),
- Theo Rispens, PhD (t.rispens{at}sanquin.nl),
- Sander W. Tas, PhD (s.w.tas{at}amsterdamumc.nl),
- Gertjan Wolbink, PhD (wolbink{at}gmail.com),
- Joep Killestein, PhD (j.killestein{at}amsterdamumc.nl),
- Taco W. Kuijpers, PhD (t.w.kuijpers{at}amsterdamumc.nl),
- S. Marieke van Ham, PhD (m.vanham{at}sanquin.nl),
- Filip Eftimov, PhD (f.eftimov{at}amsterdamumc.nl),
- Anja ten Brinke, PhD† (a.tenbrinke{at}sanquin.nl) and
- Zoé L.E. van Kempen, PhD† (z.vankempen{at}amsterdamumc.nl)
- From the Department of Immunopathology (V.P.C., L.Y.L.K., M.D., V.A.L.K., N.J.M.V., M.S., T.R., G.W., S.M.v.H., A.t.B.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Neurology and Neurophysiology (L.K., L.W., K.P.J.v.D., E.W.S., F.E.), Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; Department of Hematopoiesis (R.R.H., C.E.v.d.S.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC; Department of Experimental Immunohematology (R.R.H.), Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Immunology (C.E.v.d.S.), University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, Australia; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (L.B., G.W.), location Reade, Department of Rheumatology; Amsterdam Rheumatology and Immunology Center (S.W.T.), Amsterdam UMC, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Amsterdam; Department of Neurology (J.K., Z.L.E.v.K.), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit; Department 32 of Pediatric Immunology (T.W.K.), Rheumatology and Infectious Disease, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, University of Amsterdam; and Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences (S.M.v.H.), University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Correspondence
Dr. Kummer l.y.kummer{at}amsterdamumc.nl
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