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September 2022; 9 (5) Research ArticleOpen Access

The Effect of Smoking on Long-term Gray Matter Atrophy and Clinical Disability in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

Ingrid Anne Lie, Kristin Wesnes, Silje S. Kvistad, Iman Brouwer, Stig Wergeland, Trygve Holmøy, Rune Midgard, Alla Bru, Astrid Edland, Randi Eikeland, Sonia Gosal, Hanne F. Harbo, Grethe Kleveland, Yvonne S. Sørenes, Nina Øksendal, Frederik Barkhof, Hugo Vrenken, Kjell-Morten Myhr, Lars Bø, Øivind Torkildsen
First published June 23, 2022, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000200008
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Article Information

vol. 9 no. 5 e200008
DOI: 
https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000200008
PubMed: 
35738901
Published By: 
Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology
Online ISSN: 
2332-7812
History: 
  • Received January 26, 2022
  • Accepted in final form May 6, 2022
  • First Published June 23, 2022.
Copyright & Usage: 
Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND), which permits downloading and sharing the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

Author Disclosures

    1. Ingrid Anne Lie, MD,
    2. Kristin Wesnes, MD, PhD,
    3. Silje S. Kvistad, MD, PhD,
    4. Iman Brouwer, MASc,
    5. Stig Wergeland, MD, PhD,
    6. Trygve Holmøy, MD, PhD,
    7. Rune Midgard, MD, PhD,
    8. Alla Bru, MD,
    9. Astrid Edland, MD,
    10. Randi Eikeland, MD, PhD,
    11. Sonia Gosal, MD,
    12. Hanne F. Harbo, MD, PhD,
    13. Grethe Kleveland, MD,
    14. Yvonne S. Sørenes, MD,
    15. Nina Øksendal, MD,
    16. Frederik Barkhof, MD, PhD,
    17. Hugo Vrenken, PhD, IR,
    18. Kjell-Morten Myhr, MD, PhD,
    19. Lars Bø, MD, Phd and
    20. Øivind Torkildsen, MD, PhD
  1. Ingrid Anne Lie, MD,
  2. Kristin Wesnes, MD, PhD,
  3. Silje S. Kvistad, MD, PhD,
  4. Iman Brouwer, MASc,
  5. Stig Wergeland, MD, PhD,
  6. Trygve Holmøy, MD, PhD,
  7. Rune Midgard, MD, PhD,
  8. Alla Bru, MD,
  9. Astrid Edland, MD,
  10. Randi Eikeland, MD, PhD,
  11. Sonia Gosal, MD,
  12. Hanne F. Harbo, MD, PhD,
  13. Grethe Kleveland, MD,
  14. Yvonne S. Sørenes, MD,
  15. Nina Øksendal, MD,
  16. Frederik Barkhof, MD, PhD,
  17. Hugo Vrenken, PhD, IR,
  18. Kjell-Morten Myhr, MD, PhD,
  19. Lars Bø, MD, Phd and
  20. Øivind Torkildsen, MD, PhD
  1. From the Department of Clinical Medicine (I.A.L., K.-M.M., L.B., Ø.T.), University of Bergen; Neuro-SysMed, Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital (I.A.L., K.W., S.S.K., S.W., K.-M.M., Ø.T.), Bergen; St. Olav's University Hospital (K.W.), Trondheim; Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine (S.S.K.), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (I.B., F.B., H.V.), MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, The Netherlands; Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Registry and Biobank (S.W.), Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen; Institute of Clinical Medicine (T.H., H.F.H.), University of Oslo; Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital (T.H.), Lørenskog; Department of Neurology (R.M.), Molde Hospital; Department of Neurology (A.B.), Stavanger University Hospital; Department of Neurology (A.E.), Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen; Department of Research and Education (R.E.), Sørlandet Hospital Trust, Kristiansand; Faculty of Health and Sport Science (R.E.), University of Agder, Grimstad; Department of Neurology (S.G.), Østfold Hospital Kalnes, Grålum; Department of Neurology (H.F.H.), Oslo University Hospital; Department of Neurology (G.K.), Innlandet Hospital Lillehammer; Department of Neurology (Y.S.S.), Haugesund Hospital; Department of Neurology (N.Ø.), Nordland Hospital Trust, Bodø, Norway; Institutes of Neurology and Healthcare Engineering (F.B.), University College London, Great Britain; and Norwegian Multiple Sclerosis Competence Centre (L.B.), Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
  1. Correspondence
    Dr. Lie ingrid.lie{at}uib.no
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