RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Long-term prognostic value of longitudinal measurements of blood neurofilament levels
JF Neurology - Neuroimmunology Neuroinflammation
JO Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
FD Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
SP e856
DO 10.1212/NXI.0000000000000856
VO 7
IS 5
A1 Dieter A. Häring
A1 Harald Kropshofer
A1 Ludwig Kappos
A1 Jeffrey A. Cohen
A1 Anuja Shah
A1 Rolf Meinert
A1 David Leppert
A1 Davorka Tomic
A1 Jens Kuhle
YR 2020
UL http://nn.neurology.org/content/7/5/e856.abstract
AB Objective To assess the long-term prognostic value of an integral of longitudinal measurements of plasma neurofilament light chain levels (NfLlong) over 12 and 24 months vs single neurofilament light chain (NfL) measurements in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and its additional value when combined with clinical and MRI measures.Methods This analysis included continuously fingolimod-treated patients with RRMS from the 24-month FTY720 Research Evaluating Effects of Daily Oral therapy in Multiple Sclerosis (FREEDOMS)/12-month Trial Assessing Injectable Interferon vs FTY720 Oral in Relapsing–Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (TRANSFORMS) phase 3 trials and their long-term extension, LONGTERMS. Patients were classified into high (≥30 pg/mL, n = 110) and low (<30 pg/mL, n = 164) NfL categories based on the baseline (BL) NfL value or the geometric mean NfLlong calculated over 12 and 24 months to predict disability-related outcomes and brain volume loss (BVL). The additional prognostic value of NfL was quantified using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results A single high (vs low) NfL measure at BL was prognostic of a higher risk of reaching Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score ≥4 earlier (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.19; 95% CI = 1.21–3.97) and higher BVL over 120 months (difference: −1.12%; 95% CI = −2.07 to −0.17). When NfLlong was measured over 24 months, high NfL was associated with a higher risk of reaching EDSS score ≥4 (HR = 7.91; 95% CI = 2.99–20.92), accelerated 6-month confirmed disability worsening (HR = 3.14; 95% CI = 1.38–7.11), and 20% worsening in the Timed 25-Foot Walk Test (HR = 3.05; 95% CI = 1.38–6.70). Area under the ROC curve was consistently highest in models combining NfL with clinical and MRI measures.Conclusions NfLlong had a higher prognostic value than single NfL assessments on long-term outcomes in RRMS. Combining it with clinical and MRI measures increased sensitivity and specificity to predict long-term disease outcomes.Classification of evidence This study provides Class I evidence that NfLlong was more strongly associated with long-term outcomes than single NfL assessments in patients with RRMS.ARBA=annualized rate of brain atrophy; AUC=area under the curve; BVL=brain volume loss; BL=baseline; CM=clinical model; EDSS=Expanded Disability Status Scale; Gd+=gadolinium enhancing; HR=hazard ratio; NfL=neurofilament light chain; PBVC=percentage brain volume change; ROC=receiver operating characteristic; RRMS=relapsing-remitting MS; PASAT=Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test; T25FWT=Timed 25-Foot Walk Test; 9HPT=9-Hole Peg Test; 6m-CDW=6-month confirmed disability worsening